基于主体功能区划的湖南省乡村转型发展评价

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2018.05.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Rural transformation is an important way to achieve sustainable development of rural areas. The establishment of rural transformation path and policy in line with major function-oriented zoning is an important measure to promote the integration of urban and rural development and achieve rural revitalization. Taking Hunan Province, an agricultural region in central China, as an example and based on major function oriented zoning, this study constructed an evaluation index system of rural transformation degree around the core elements including population, land, and industry. We calculated the rural transformation degree of each county during 2006-2011 and 2011-2016, and analyzed the spatial differences and driving mechanisms of rural transformation development in various major function oriented zoning. The results show that the characteristics of rural transformation in different major function oriented zones varied because of factors such as natural condition, location, economic foundation, and policy environment. Rural transformation in prioritized development zones was mainly driven by cities and towns. The role of urban influences, market drivers, and farmers' decision-making power was outstanding. The degree of rural transformation was high and the speed was fast. Rural transformation in main agricultural zones was mainly driven by modern agriculture. Resource support, policy impetus, and cultural embeddedness played a leading role. The degree of rural transformation was relatively high, and the speed was relatively fast. Rural transformation in key ecological function zones was mainly driven by the government. Due to the constraints of topography, economic basis, and resources and the environment, the degree of rural transformation was relatively low, and the speed was relatively slow. The rural transformation degree of all major function orientedzones during 2011 to 2016 was improved compared with that during 2006 to 2011. The major function oriented zoning scheme of Hunan Province reflects the difference of rural development to some extent, but the guiding role of major function-oriented zoning policy in the process of rural transformation development needs to be strengthened.

Key words: rural restructuring, rural transformation degree, function oriented zoning, Hunan Province

Yanhua HE, Shuguang FAN, Guohua ZHOU, Chengli TANG, Peng PENG. Evaluation of rural transformation development in Hunan Province based on major function oriented zoning[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2018, 37(5): 667-676.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig.1

Tab.1

Tab.2

Evaluation index system of rural transformation degree"

准则层(权重)	指标层(权重)	指标计算公式
人口转型度 (0.32)	城镇化率变化率 (0.23)	$PUR = P U t 2 - P U t 1 P U t 1$ 式中：PU=城镇人口/总人口
	从业人员结构变化率 (0.27)	$JVR = J V t 2 - J V t 1 J V t 1$ 式中：JV=农村非农从业人员数/农村从业人员数
	农村居民恩格尔系数变化率(0.23)	AE_t₂-AE_t₁<0,则 $AER = A E t 2 - A E t 1 A E t 1$ AE_t₂-AE_t₁≧0,则AER=0 式中：AE=农村居民食品支出总额/消费支出总额
	城乡居民收入比变化率(0.27)	$CVR = C V t 2 - C V t 1 C V t 1$ 式中：CV=农村人均可支配收入/城镇人均可支配收入
土地利用转型度 (0.31)	耕地面积占比变化率 (0.35)	CA_t₂-CA_t₁<0,则 $CAR = C A t 2 - C A t 1 C A t 1$ CA_t₂-CA_t₁≧0,则CAR=0 式中：CA=耕地面积/土地总面积
	林地面积占比变化率 (0.33)	FV_t₂-FV_t₁<0,则 $FVR = F V t 2 - F V t 1 F V t 1$ FV_t₂-FV_t₁≧0,则FVR=0 式中：FV=林地面积/土地总面积
	农村居民点面积占比变化率(0.32)	TV_t₂-TV_t₁<0,则 $TVR = T V t 2 - T V t 1 T V t 1$ TV_t₂-TV_t₁≧0,则TVR=0 式中：TV=农村居民点面积/城乡建设用地面积
产业转型度 (0.37)	产业结构变化率 (0.33)	NA_t₂-NA_t₁<0,则 $NAR = N A t 2 - N A t 1 N A t 1$ NA_t₂-NA_t₁≧0,则NAR=0 式中：NA=农林牧渔业产值/国民生产总值
产业转型度 (0.37)	机耕面积比率变化率 (0.33)	$MAR = M A t 2 - M A t 1 M A t 1$ 式中：MA=机耕面积/农作物播种面积
	农业产出率变化率 (0.34)	$PVR = P V t 2 - P V t 1 P V t 1$ 式中：PV=农林牧渔业产值/农村农业从业人员数

Tab.2

Fig.2

Tab.3

Tab.4

Tab.5

Fig.3

Fig.4

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地区	城镇化水平/%	人均GDP/元	三次产业构成
湖南省	52.75	45 931.46	11.51:43.18:45.31
重点开发区	69.82	78 507.07	8.28:42.04:49.68
农产品主产区	42.91	31 667.91	13.29:46.83:39.87
重点生态保护区	41.21	27 402.45	15.57:43.28:41.15

	2006-2011年	2011-2016年
乡村转型度高	23个(芙蓉区、岳麓区、天心区、雨花区、长沙县、天元区、荷塘区、芦淞区、石峰区、雨湖区、岳塘区、珠晖区、雁峰区、石鼓区、蒸湘区、岳阳楼区、云溪区、武陵区、赫山区、娄星区、大祥区、北湖区、鹤城区)	40个(芙蓉区、岳麓区、天心区、雨花区、长沙县、天元区、荷塘区、芦淞区、石峰区、雨湖区、岳塘区、珠晖区、雁峰区、石鼓区、蒸湘区、岳阳楼区、云溪区、武陵区、资阳区、娄星区、大祥区、北湖区、鹤城区、双清区、开福区、浏阳市、株洲县、醴陵市、赫山区、涟源市、冷水江市、北塔区、津市市、苏仙区、零陵区、冷水滩区、望城区、宁乡县、攸县、岳阳县)
乡村转型度较高	17个(双清区、开福区、浏阳市、株洲县、醴陵市、资阳区、涟源市、冷水江市、北塔区、津市市、苏仙区、零陵区、冷水滩区、宁乡县、望城区、攸县、岳阳县)	3个(邵东县、中方县、永兴县)
乡村转型度较低	3个(邵东县、中方县、永兴县)	0个
乡村转型度低	0个	0个

	2006-2011年	2011-2016年
乡村转型度高	0个	4个(湘乡市、湘潭县、君山区、韶山市)
乡村转型度较高	7个(湘阴县、湘潭县、耒阳市、君山区、鼎城区、韶山市、湘乡市)	15个(衡山县、临澧县、澧县、耒阳市、鼎城区、衡东县、常宁市、武冈市、临湘市、汨罗市、汉寿县、南县、沅江市、新邵县、湘阴县)
乡村转型度较低	18个(衡南县、华容县、祁阳县、双峰县、衡东县、常宁市、武冈市、临湘市、汨罗市、汉寿县、南县、沅江市、新邵县、衡阳县、桃源县、澧县、衡山县、桃江县)	14个(衡阳县、祁东县、洞口县、邵阳县、平江县、安乡县、桃源县、桃江县、道县、衡南县、华容县、祁阳县、安仁县、双峰县)
乡村转型度低	10个(隆回县、安仁县、溆浦县、祁东县、洞口县、邵阳县、平江县、安乡县、道县、临澧县)	2个(隆回县、溆浦县)

	2006-2011年	2011-2016年
乡村转型度高	0个	3个(武陵源区、南岳区、吉首市)
乡村转型度较高	3个(武陵源区、南岳区、吉首市)	6个(永定区、凤凰县、资兴市、洪江市、茶陵县、嘉禾县)
乡村转型度较低	6个(永定区、凤凰县、资兴市、洪江市、茶陵县、嘉禾县)	15个(石门县、花垣县、新田县、双牌县、临武县、宜章县、炎陵县、绥宁县、安化县、桂阳县、东安县、靖州县、芷江县、新化县、宁远县)
乡村转型度低	35个(花垣县、石门县、桑植县、泸溪县、龙山县、古丈县、麻阳县、新田县、双牌县、临武县、宜章县、炎陵县、绥宁县、安化县、桂阳县、东安县、靖州县、芷江县、新化县、慈利县、永顺县、保靖县、辰溪县、宁远县、蓝山县、桂东县、汝城县、新宁县、城步县、江永县、江华县、沅陵县、新晃县、会同县、通道县)	20个(泸溪县、麻阳县、桑植县、龙山县、慈利县、永顺县、保靖县、辰溪县、蓝山县、桂东县、汝城县、新宁县、城步县、江永县、江华县、沅陵县、新晃县、会同县、古丈县、通道县)

Evaluation of rural transformation development in Hunan Province based on major function oriented zoning

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