基于改进潜能模型的城市医疗设施空间可达性——以上海市杨浦区为例

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2018.02.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Medical services are the basic requirement of the public and are closely related to public health. The rationality of the layout and spatial accessibility of medical facilities are closely related to the right of the public to healthcare. Spatial accessibility of medical facilities represents the convenience for residents to obtain medical services. Using GIS and an improved potential model that introduces population scale factor and medical facility grade influence coefficient to traditional potential model, the spatial accessibility of urban medical facilities in Yangpu District of Shanghai was studied. By applying a spatial interpolation method, accessibility of medical facilities of Yangpu District in 2016 was obtained. Moreover, hotspot analysis was used for the cluster analysis of spatial accessibility. The results indicate that the spatial accessibility of urban medical facilities in different community of Yangpu District varies. The spatial accessibility in the central area of Yangpu District is higher than that of other areas. Spatial accessibility is relatively high in Daqiao subdistrict, Dinghai Road subdistrict, and some areas of Yinxing subdistrict. Hospitals of the same grade in the subdistricts of the central area are so closely located that medical resources are of high concentration in these areas. Overall, spatial accessibility of tertiary hospitals is better than secondary and primary hospitals in Yangpu. The improved potential model can evaluate the spatial accessibility of urban medical facilities reasonably by integrating population in demands, travel impedance between residential areas and medical facilities, and the influence of medical facility grade on residents' choice of medical services. By using GIS, the difference of spatial accessibility of urban medical facilities can be visualized. Furthermore, areas with insufficient medical resources can be defined. The results can not only enrich public facility spatial planning theory, but also provide references for the decision making of relevant government departments.

Key words: medical facilities, spatial accessibility, improved potential model, GIS, Yangpu District, Shanghai Municipality

Min CHENG, Yuejiao LIAN. Spatial accessibility of urban medical facilities based on improved potential model: A case study of Yangpu District in Shanghai[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2018, 37(2): 266-275.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Tab.1

Tab.2

Fig.4

Tab.3

Descriptive statistics of spatial accessibility of medical facilities in Yangpu District"

统计指标	$β = 1.0$	$β = 1.5$	$β = 1.8$	$β = 2.0$
最大值	29.09	37.62	43.79	48.52
最小值	2.61	1.83	1.44	1.22
标准差	3.34	4.43	5.38	6.21

Tab.3

Tab.4

Tab.5

Fig.5

Fig.6

Tab.6

Fig.7

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线路名	线路全长 /km	车站数 /座	全程时间 /min	平均速度 /(km/h)
8号线	37.7	30	65	34.80
10号线	30.5	28	64	28.59
12号线	37.4	32	77	29.10

	插值方法	参数模型	MEAN	RMSE
常规方法	反距离加权插值法	指数为2	-0.079	4.581
	全局多项式插值法	指数为3	0.021	5.181
	局部多项式插值法	指数为3	-0.121	5.654
	径向基函数插值法	张力样条函数	0.033	4.465
地统计方法	经验贝叶斯克里金插值法	无变换	0.075	4.339
		经验法变换	-0.096	4.261
		对数经验法	-0.201	4.325

广义交叉验证	经验贝叶斯克里金插值法
广义交叉验证	无变换	经验法	对数经验法
MEAN	0.075	-0.096	-0.201
RMSE	4.339	4.261	4.325
MSE	0.023	-0.026	-0.020
RMSSE	0.944	1.078	1.195
ASE	4.197	4.031	3.217

医院等级	差 (<0.50)	较差 (0.50~0.75)	一般 (0.75~1.00)	较好 (1.00~1.25)	好 (>1.25)
三级/%	7.17	29.81	26.79	17.74	18.49
二级/%	64.91	9.43	4.91	3.02	17.74
一级/%	75.85	3.77	2.64	1.13	16.60

Spatial accessibility of urban medical facilities based on improved potential model: A case study of Yangpu District in Shanghai

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