基于TETIS模型的黑土区乌裕尔河流域径流与侵蚀产沙模拟研究

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2017.07.009

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to understand the characteristics of soil erosion in a basin and explore the applicability of the TETIS model for simulating runoff and sediment yield in the black soil region of Northeast China, the Wuyuer River Basin was taken as an example in this study. Daily runoff and sediment discharge data series from 1971 to 1987 were used to calibrate and validate the TETIS model. On this basis, characteristics of soil erosion intensity and their relationships with slope and land use types in the basin were analyzed. The results show that the TETIS model has good applicability in the Wuyuer River Basin. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients of daily discharge and sediment ranged from 0.52 to 0.70, coefficients of determination ranged from 0.60 to 0.71, and volume errors were no more than 15%. Average soil erosion intensity was 397.2 t/(km²·a) in the basin. Slight erosion and light erosion were the dominant soil erosion types and about 90% of sediment yield was from hillslope. Average erosion intensity increased with increasing slope gradients. Slopes of 0°~5° were the main erosion area in the basin. Different land use types have different soil erosion intensities and arable land has the highest value (556.3 t/(km²·a)). Priority of erosion control should focus on the arable lands with steep slopes and low vegetation covered regions. Comparison of these simulation results with other study results in the black soil region of Northeast China demonstrates a promising future of the TETIS model for simulating runoff and sediment yields in the region. This study may provide a scientific basis for the implementation of soil and water conservation measures in the study area.

Key words: TETIS model, black soil region of Northeast China, Wuyuer River Basin, soil erosion simulation

Zhiying LI, Haiyan FANG. Simulation of runoff, soil erosion, and sediment yield using the TETIS model in the Wuyuer River Basin of the black soil region, Northeast China[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2017, 36(7): 873-885.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1

Fig.2

Tab.1

Tab.2

Parameters for sedimentological sub-model and their values"

参数名称	参数范围	最终值
坡面输沙校正参数 $α$	(1×10^-8)~10	4.700
沟道输沙校正参数 $β 1$	(1×10^-8)~10	0.070
河道输沙校正参数 $β 2$	(1×10^-8)~10	0.004

Tab.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Tab.3

Tab.4

Fig.5

Tab.5

Tab.6

Tab.7

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土地利用类型	C值	P值
有林地	0.005	1
灌木林	0.07	1
疏林和其他林地	0.05	1
高覆盖草地	0.04	1
中覆盖草地	0.08	1
水域	0	0
城镇用地、其他建设用地、沼泽地	0	1
农村居民点	0.03	1
裸土地、裸岩石砾地	1	1
水田	0.18	0.03
旱地	1	0.352

模拟时期	NSE			R²				VE/%
模拟时期	日值		月值	年值	日值	月值	年值	日值	月值	年值
率定期(1971-1977)	0.60	0.77	0.92	0.69	0.88	0.97		-6.93	-7.19	-5.65
验证期(1978-1987)	0.52	0.74	0.82	0.60	0.73	0.90		-14.41	-14.62	-14.40

土壤侵蚀级别	土壤侵蚀强度/[t/(km²·a)]	面积/km²	百分比/%
微度	0~200	4657.92	63.23
轻度	200~2500	2478.96	33.65
中度	2500~5000	189.60	2.57
强烈	5000~8000	30.64	0.42
极强烈	8000~15000	8.48	0.12
剧烈	>15000	0.80	0.01

坡度分级/°	面积 /km²	百分比 /%	侵蚀量 /(10⁴t/a)	平均侵蚀模数 /[t/(km²·a)]
0~5	6262.12	85.01	210.40	335.98
5~8	748.36	10.16	56.35	752.93
8~15	316.20	4.29	23.33	738.05
15~25	38.04	0.52	2.28	599.76
25~35	1.44	0.02	0.15	1054.17
>35	0.28	/	0.09	3307.14
合计	7366.44	/	292.60	397.21

土地利用类型	面积/km²	百分比/%	侵蚀量/(10⁴t/a)	平均侵蚀模数/[t/(km²·a)]
耕地	4704.32	63.86	261.68	556.25
林地	1007.00	13.67	11.64	115.62
草地	352.36	4.78	8.50	241.38
水域	76.56	0.7	0.34	44.41
城乡、工矿、居民用地	271.20	3.68	5.31	195.73
未利用土地	955.00	12.96	5.13	53.75
总计	7366.44	/	292.60	397.21

Simulation of runoff, soil erosion, and sediment yield using the TETIS model in the Wuyuer River Basin of the black soil region, Northeast China

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坡耕地坡度/°	面积/km²	占耕地面积百分比/%	侵蚀量/10⁴ t	平均侵蚀模数/(t/(km²·a))
0~5	4207.80	89.52	191.68	455.54
5~8	401.72	8.55	50.09	1247.00
8~15	87.80	1.97	18.31	2085.52
15~24	3.00	0.06	0.75	2508.67