1990-2015年中国工矿用地扩张及其对粮食安全的潜在影响

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2017.05.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Food security is a key governmental and academic concern in China. In the past 25 years, due to the rapid industrialization and urbanization, competition for land resources and environmental pollution threatened the sustainability of China's grain production. Studies to date have focused on the urbanized areas, and rural industrial land expansion and impact on food security in China remain largely unknown. This study constructed an 1 km resolution grain output dataset using the latest remote sensing data-derived land use dataset (NLUD-China) and county-level grain production data of China to evaluate the impacts of industrial land expansion and pollution on food security of the country. The results show that the industrial land area increased by 326% between 1990 and 2015, with an increasing expansion rate of 288 km²/a in the 1990s to 2600 km²/a in 2010-2015, close to the current urban expansion rate (3000 km²/a). During 1990-2015, industrial land expansion led to 1.7×10⁴ km² reduction of crop land, resulting in a direct production loss of 6.49 Mt (10⁶ tons). Indirect losses caused by industrial pollution was conservatively estimated at 83.20 Mt. Overall estimated losses due to industrial land influence can be up to 17% of China's cropland production. Spatially, direct loss of crop production in China decreased from the central and coastal region to the northwest region. In the central and western regions losses caused by soil pollution is relatively serious. With the increasing population and other socioeconomic and environmental changes, the balance between the supply and demand of food becomes more delicate. Therefore, remote sensing monitoring of crop land and industrial land for national macroeconomic development and environmental protection is of great significance.

Key words: industrial land expansion, cropland resource, food security, remote sensing, China

Ailin LIU, Wenhui KUANG, Chi ZHANG. Potential impacts of industrial land expansion on food security in China, 1990-2015[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2017, 36(5): 618-625.

Figures/Tables 5

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References 30

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时段	沿海地区	西部地区	中部地区	东北地区	中国
1990-1995年	117.50	25.38	78.96	19.61	241.45
1995-2000年	178.66	27.12	36.37	0.29	242.44
2000-2005年	650.90	166.93	110.90	33.72	962.45
2005-2010年	780.39	451.22	523.75	82.82	1838.18
2010-2015年	445.64	1581.52	463.67	109.11	2599.94

	分区	耕地转为工矿用地	工矿用地转为耕地	工矿用地5 km范围的耕地	总量	百分比/%
面积/(×10³ km²)	西部地区	1.08	0.29	242.38	243.75	13.42
	中部地区	6.86	0.69	257.34	264.89	14.59
	东北地区	4.93	0.18	81.79	86.90	4.79
	沿海地区	4.11	1.51	278.87	284.49	15.67
	中国	16.98	2.67	860.38	880.03	48.46
2014/2015年潜在粮食产量/Mt	西部地区	0.49	0.05	56.55	57.09	10.82
	中部地区	2.57	0.31	105.65	108.53	20.58
	东北地区	1.10	0.14	26.24	27.48	5.21
	沿海地区	2.33	0.27	97.52	100.12	18.98
	中国	6.49	0.77	285.96	293.22	55.59
2014/2015年损失粮食产量/Mt	西部地区	0.49	0.02	16.40	16.91	3.21
	中部地区	2.57	0.11	30.64	33.32	6.32
	东北地区	1.10	0.05	7.61	8.76	1.66
	沿海地区	2.33	0.09	28.28	30.71	5.82
	中国	6.49	0.27	82.93	89.69	17.01

Potential impacts of industrial land expansion on food security in China, 1990-2015

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