环渤海地区城市居住环境满意度评价及影响因素分析

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2016.02.005

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years, living environment of urban areas in China is attracting increasingly more attention of researchers and urban residents particularly due to the problems caused by rapid economic development. Meanwhile, improving living environment quality is becoming an important target of urban development for the Chinese government. In spite of the increasing number of studies on living environment at smaller scales, few studies have focused on the city scale. Based on a large survey conducted in 2014 in 43 cities of the Bohai Rim area, this study used multilevel modeling, GIS spatial analysis, and multiple linear regression to evaluate the living environment using residents’ subjective perception as indicators, then analyzed the impact of city characteristics on the heterogeneity of the evaluation results. Several conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) There is a significant disparity of evaluation results between the 43 cities. The differences of influencing factors at the city level can explain 20% of the total satisfaction variance. The disparity of living environment quality of cities cannot be neglected in related research on the social, economic, and development issues of cities. Cities in Liaoning Province ranked the highest in the evaluation result while cities in Hebei Province were the worst due to the concentration of massive heavy industries, especially the steel industry. (2) Environment health is the main problem for all the cities that ranked low in the evaluation, which reaffirms that the key point to improve living environment quality is to control environment pollution. (3) Cities with larger land area and population and higher economic development levels normally ranked the lowest with regard to residents’ satisfaction. Satisfaction on living environment is higher in small and medium-sized cities as compared to large cities. Residents living in coastal cities are more satisfied than inland cities. (4) At present, smog control and reduction is key to improving the quality of living environment in the Bohai Rim area.

Key words: living environment, satisfaction evaluation, influencing factors, Bohai Rim area

Yunxiao DANG, Jianhui YU, Wenzhong ZHANG, YeJin LI, Li CHEN, Dongsheng ZHAN. Satisfaction evaluation of living environment and influencing factors in the Bohai Rim area[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2016, 35(2): 184-194.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 28

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变量	说明	均值(标准差)	数据来源
居住环境评价	居住环境满意度评价得分均值	68.5(7.2)	调研问卷
面积	用地面积/km²	1530.3(1387.3)	城市统计年鉴2013
人口	年末人口/万人	162.1(145.0)	城市统计年鉴2013
GDP	地区生产总值/万元	1432.4(20637.0)	城市统计年鉴2013
职工工资	在岗职工平均工资/(元/人)	43991.0(7186.2)	城市统计年鉴2013
人均GDP	人均地区生产总值/(元/人)	68870.0(33854.2)	城市统计年鉴2013
人口密度	人口密度/(人/km²)	1643.9(1603.3)	城市统计年鉴2013
三产比重	第三产业比重/%	42.3(9.5)	城市统计年鉴2013
道路面积	人均城市道路面积/m²	14.8(5.7)	城市统计年鉴2013
住房面积	人均住房建筑面积/(m²/人)	29.6(4.6)	第六次全国人口普查
临海性	是否为临海城市/是=1,否=0	0.4(0.5)
绿化率	建成区绿化覆盖率/%	40.9(5.4)	城市统计年鉴2013
外来人口	外来人口比重/%	53.0(15.0)	第六次全国人口普查
PM2.5暴露	2013.4-2014.4间PM2.5暴露天数	147.0(70.5)	北京城市实验室

类别划分	分类	评价得分	类别划分	分类	评价得分
临海性	否	65.9	资源/工业城市	否	70.1
临海性	是	72.5	资源/工业城市	是	66.9
人口规模	一	72.5	用地面积	一	65.4
	二	67.4		二	74.0
	三	68.6		三	67.6
	四	65.3		四	67.0
人口密度	一	69.6	GDP	一	68.4
	二	70.4		二	70.2
	三	68.5		三	70.1
	四	65.8		四	65.1

变量	模型I	模型II	模型III	模型IV
面积	-0.369^**(0.146)
人口		-0.291^**(0.140)
GDP			-0.336^**(0.153)
职工工资				-0.331^**(0.148)
人均GDP	-0.292(0.180)	-0.336^*(0.182)	-0.269(0.193)
人口密度	-0.564^***(0.142)	-0.442^***(0.135)	-0.447^***(0.135)	-0.332^**(0.144)
三产比重	0.107(0.141)	0.132(0.152)	0.144(0.152)	0.091(0.147)
道路面积	0.238(0.146)	0.240(0.152)	0.271^*(0.15)	0.172(0.159)
住房面积	-0.224^* (0.129)	-0.263^*(0.132)	-0.291^**(0.132)	-0.164(0.142)
临海性	1.068^***(0.280)	1.053^***(0.288)	1.103^***(0.285)	0.920^***(0.289)
绿化率	0.097(0.120)	0.093(0.123)	0.081(0.122)	0.153(0.135)
外来人口	0.125(0.161)	0.151(0.164)	0.111(0.167)	0.122(0.167)
常数项	-0.422^***(0.159)	-0.416^**(0.164)	-0.436^**(0.162)	-0.364^**(0.171)
调整R²	0.437	0.406	0.414	0.300

变量	模型I	模型II	模型III	模型IV
面积	-0.233(0.147)
人口		-0.146(0.142)
GDP			-0.187(0.154)
职工工资				-0.172^**(0.145)
人均GDP	-0.277(0.168)	-0.319^*(0.169)	-0.274(0.179)
人口密度	-0.279(0.177)	-0.183(0.162)	-0.191(0.161)	-0.065^**(0.161)
三产比重	0.072(0.132)	0.071(0.143)	0.084(0.143)	0.072(0.134)
临海性	0.785^***(0.286)	0.763^**(0.291)	0.792^**(0.292)	0.537^*(0.294)
道路面积	0.328^** (0.143)	0.339^**(0.146)	0.353^**(0.143)	0.289^* (0.150)
绿化率	0.085(0.112)	0.082(0.114)	0.075(0.113)	0.116(0.123)
住房面积	0.032(0.160)	0.028(0.168)	0.006(0.170)	0.144(0.167)
外来人口	-0.014(0.160)	-0.002(0.164)	-0.024(0.164)	-0.093(0.169)
PM2.5暴露	-0.495^**(0.204)	-0.53^**(0.210)	-0.521^**(0.207)	-0.620^***(0.217)
常数项	-0.31^*(0.155)	-0.302^*(0.159)	-0.313^***(0.158)	-0.212(0.164)
调整R²	0.510	0.489	0.495	0.423

Satisfaction evaluation of living environment and influencing factors in the Bohai Rim area

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