跨区域产业技术关联与产业创新——基于中国制造业的分析

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.11.004

地理科学进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 1822-1831.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.11.004

跨区域产业技术关联与产业创新——基于中国制造业的分析

钱肖颖¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,⁵(), 孙斌栋¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,⁵^,^*()

1.华东师范大学中国行政区划研究中心,上海 200241
2.崇明生态研究院,上海 202162
3.华东师范大学未来城市实验室,上海 200241
4.华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心,上海 200062
5.华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院,上海 200241

收稿日期:2019-11-15 修回日期:2020-03-24 出版日期:2020-11-28 发布日期:2021-01-28
通讯作者: 孙斌栋
作者简介:钱肖颖(1992— ),男,江苏苏州人,博士生,主要从事经济地理学方向研究。E-mail:qianxy77@163.com
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA068)

Interregional technological relatedness and industrial innovation: An analysis based on China’s manufacturing industry

QIAN Xiaoying¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,⁵(), SUN Bindong¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,⁵^,^*()

1. Center for Studies of Administrative Division of China, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
2. Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai 202162, China
3. Future City Lab, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
4. The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
5. School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China

Received:2019-11-15 Revised:2020-03-24 Online:2020-11-28 Published:2021-01-28
Contact: SUN Bindong
Supported by:
Major Program of National Social Science Foundation of China(17ZDA068)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

产业分工联系是区域一体化的基础,但已有产业技术关联的文献主要关注区域内部,缺乏对跨区域产业技术关联的探究。由于中国省际产业联系数据难以获取,论文运用引力模型和交叉熵法,基于2002、2007、2012年30省的投入产出表拟合出省际产业贸易流量矩阵,并进一步计算跨区域产业技术关联指数。跨区域产业技术关联呈现不断加强的趋势,尤其是城市群内部各地区产业之间的联系。基于2002、2007、2012年中国30个省16个制造业部门的面板数据,使用固定效应模型进一步考察了跨区域产业技术关联对产业创新的影响。结果发现,跨区域产业技术关联有利于区域产业创新,但在本地产业技术联系较强的地区,跨区域产业技术关联对产业创新的正效应会被削弱,本地产业技术关联和省际产业技术关联之间存在“替代效应”,知识产权的地方保护主义是导致这一结果的可能原因。因此,政策上应倡导扫清制度障碍、完善知识产权保护制度,促进跨区域产业对本地的技术溢出,进一步推动区域产业创新。

关键词: 技术关联, 本地联系, 跨区域联系, 区域产业创新, 投入产出

Abstract:

Geographic proximity arising from industrial agglomeration can promote firm innovation and thereby industrial development. Scholars of evolutionary economic geography further propose that technology proximity is more important than geographic proximity, which provides essential theoretical support for explaining the role of interregional industrial linkages in local industrial development. However, the existing literature mainly focuses on the technological relatedness within regions but lacks research for interregional relatedness, especially the effects of interregional technology relatedness on regional innovation. Based on the input-output panel data of 2002, 2007, and 2012 from 30 provinces of the mainland of China, this study used the gravity model and cross-entropy method to fit the interprovincial trade flow matrix of the industries and further computed the index of intraregional and interregional technological relatedness. This study then used a two-way fixed effect model to examine the effects of intraregional and interregional technological relatedness on industrial innovation based on the data of 16 manufacturing sectors in 30 provinces in 2002, 2007, and 2012. First, the results show that the degree of interregional technological relatedness of industries has been strengthened, especially the linkages within city agglomerations. Second, interregional technological relatedness of industries has a positive effect on industrial innovation, but local technological relatedness of industries would weaken this positive effect. Therefore, the government should remove institutional barriers and encourage the inter- or intraregional industrial linkages that promote regional industrial innovation.

Key words: technological relatedness, intraregional relatedness, cross-regional relatedness, regional industrial innovation, input-output

钱肖颖, 孙斌栋. 跨区域产业技术关联与产业创新——基于中国制造业的分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(11): 1822-1831.

QIAN Xiaoying, SUN Bindong. Interregional technological relatedness and industrial innovation: An analysis based on China’s manufacturing industry[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 39(11): 1822-1831.

图/表 7

表1

基于省际铁路运输的引力模型回归结果"

变量	ln flow
变量	矿物性建筑材料	钢铁及有色金属	焦炭	石油	粮食
$lnoutpu t ki$	0.176^***	0.013^***	0.392^***	0.152^***	0.628^***
	(0.023)	(0.005)	(0.125)	(0.062)	(0.132)
$lninpu t sj$	0.125^***	0.241^***	0.148^**	0.152^***	0.135^***
	(0.052)	(0.072)	(0.056)	(0.025)	(0.031)
$lnGD P k$	0.124	0.012	0.112	0.012	0.413^**
	(0.109)	(0.009)	(0.120)	(0.009)	(0.126)
$lnGD P s$	0.154	0.058	0.254	0.258	0.215
	(0.125)	(0.052)	(0.157)	(0.142)	(0.172)
$lnDi s ks$	-0.814^***	-0.758^***	-0.628^**	-0.785^***	-0.144^***
	(0.241)	(0.135)	(0.297)	(0.152)	(0.025)
常数	3.073^***	-2.361^***	2.351^***	2.212^***	-0.729^***
	(1.123)	(0.851)	(0.581)	(0.812)	(0.152)
观测样本	2400	2400	2400	2400	2400
R²	0.421	0.373	0.392	0.401	0.315

表1

表2

5类商品与投入产出部门对照关系及其引力模型"

商品	制造业	引力模型
矿物性建筑材料	纺织业、服装皮革制品、木材加工、造纸印刷、非金属制品	$lnflow = 3.073 + 0.176 lnoutput + 0.125 lninput - 0.814 lnDis$
钢铁及有色金属	金属冶炼加工、金属制品、通用设备、交用运输设备、电气机械器材、通信设备、仪器仪表、其他制造业	$lnflow = - 2.361 + 0.013 lnoutput + 0.241 lninput - 0.758 lnDis$
焦炭	石油加工炼焦	$lnflow = 2.351 + 0.392 lnoutput + 0.148 lninput - 0.628 lnDis$
石油	化学工业、石油加工业	$lnflow = 2.212 + 0.152 lnoutput + 0.152 lninput + 0.785 lnDis$
粮食	食品制造及烟草加工	$lnflow = - 0.729 + 0.628 lnoutput + 0.135 lninput + 0.413 lnGD P k - 0.144 lnDis$

表2

表3

图1

图2

表4

表5

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	变量	变量解释	平均值	标准差	最小值	最大值
因变量	Innov	新产品产值占该行业总产值比重	0.174	0.037	0.087	0.316
	ln Patent	人均专利申请数	2.534	1.149	-0.306	4.969
	ln Prod	人均GDP	3.932	1.484	0.736	11.856
核心变量	InterRD	跨区域产业关联密度	0.329	0.319	0.001	0.988
控制变量	LocRD	本地产业关联密度	0.379	0.216	0.006	0.969
	LQ	地区产业的区位商	0.940	0.852	0.001	7.502
	ln Opt	地区产业总产值	15.482	2.088	6.605	19.845
	SOE	国有企业总产值占该产业总产值比重	0.413	0.232	0	1.000
	Subsidy	企业补贴收入与产业总产值的比值	0.006	0.010	0	0.078
	R&D	地区产业的研发经费投入与总产值比重	0.070	0.049	0.007	0.487
	Trade	区产业进出口总额与工业总产值比值	0.134	0.169	0	0.796

变量	基本回归			稳健检验
	模型1	模型2	模型3	模型4	模型5
	Innov	Innov	Innov	Prod	Patent
InterRD	0.145^***	0.114^**	0.153^***	1.072^***	0.286^***
	(0.038)	(0.056)	(0.050)	(0.227)	(0.101)
LocRD×InterRD			-0.076^***	-0.523^***	-0.546^*
LocRD×InterRD			(0.017)	(0.364)	(0.540)
LocRD	0.149^***	0.116^*	0.138^***	0.857^***	0.405^***
	(0.052)	(0.038)	(0.059)	(0.201)	(0.031)
LQ		0.018^***	0.017^***	1.305^***	4.468^***
		(0.002)	(0.002)	(0.052)	(0.094)
Opt		0.009^***	0.008^***	0.045^***	2.081^***
		(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.014)	(0.023)
SOE		0.003	0.002	-0.275^***	-3.788^***
		(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.088)	(0.140)
Subsidy		0.529^***	0.512^***	11.318^***	-1.809
		(0.084)	(0.080)	(2.239)	(2.933)
R&D		0.093^***	0.089^***	23.807^***	2.229^***
		(0.019)	(0.018)	(0.520)	(0.577)
Trade		0.035^***	0.038^***	1.769^***	0.779^***
		(0.005)	(0.006)	(0.146)	(0.208)
常数	0.141^***	-0.004	-0.003	-0.148	-12.558^***
	(0.003)	(0.009)	(0.009)	(0.227)	(0.341)
观测样本	1440	1440	1440	1440	1440
省份	30	30	30	30	30
R²	0.418	0.651	0.663	0.922	0.691

变量	东部	中部	西部	东北
InterRD	0.168^***	0.151^***	0.045^**	0.041
	(0.057)	(0.050)	(0.021)	(0.043)
InterRD×LocRD	-0.083^***	-0.111^***	-0.065^*	-0.012
InterRD×LocRD	(0.024)	(0.033)	(0.038)	(0.072)
LocRD	0.139^***	0.161^***	0.027^*	0.037
	(0.055)	(0.070)	(0.015)	(0.038)
控制变量	包含	包含	包含	包含
常数	-0.008	0.026	0.004	0.040
	(0.018)	(0.031)	(0.013)	(0.035)
观测样本	480	288	528	144
省份	10	6	11	3
R²	0.692	0.736	0.841	0.829

跨区域产业技术关联与产业创新——基于中国制造业的分析

Interregional technological relatedness and industrial innovation: An analysis based on China’s manufacturing industry

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