南京市新街口CBD服务业空间集聚及演变特征——基于微观企业数据

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.11.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

经典的CBD内部产业空间布局理论源于西方,在新时期背景下需对其在中国的适用性进行实证检验。本文使用机器学习分类的2000—2018年微观企业数据,通过分析产业结构、集聚程度、空间分布特征等,探寻中国典型城市中心CBD——南京新街口地区的服务业时空演变及空间集聚特征。研究发现：① 南京市新街口服务业产业结构演变表现为生产性服务业数量持续领跑,流通性服务业增速趋缓,与消费性服务业、信息服务业差距拉大,总体未出现专业化趋势;在与全市对比中,消费性服务业有更强的比较优势,且优势随时间推移而扩大。② 行业集聚程度分化,各行业集聚程度演变表现为消费性服务业、社会性服务业与信息服务业总体集聚,其中餐饮、娱乐与居民服务业的集聚程度最高;零售业呈分散趋势,与前者形成倒挂;生产性服务业两极分化,金融业偏集聚,而研发设计服务业偏分散。③ 空间分布上演变整体呈现双圈层收缩趋势,生产性服务业与消费性服务业高度耦合,社会性服务业集聚中心趋于内核,流通性服务业与信息服务业集聚在外圈层。

关键词: 产业集聚, 服务业, CBD, 南京市新街口

Abstract:

The classic theory of central business district (CBD) internal industry spatial distribution originated from the west, and its applicability in China needs to be tested empirically. Based on the micro enterprise data from 2000 to 2018 classified by machine learning, this study analyzed the industrial structure, agglomeration degree, spatial distribution characteristics, and so on in order to explore the spatial and temporal change and spatial agglomeration characteristics of service industry in Xinjiekou, a typical urban center CBD in China. The results show that: 1) The change of service industry structure in Xinjiekou shows that the number of productive services continues to lead, the growth rate of circulation services has slowed down, and the gap between consumer services and information services has widened. There is no trend of specialization in general; in comparison with the whole city, consumer services have stronger comparative advantages, and the advantages expanded over time. 2) The extent of agglomeration is divided. The change of the extent of industry agglomeration is reflected in the overall agglomeration of consumer service industry, social service industry, and information service industry, among which the highest extent of agglomeration is in catering, entertainment, and residential service industries. The retail industry is experiencing decentralization and shows an opposite trend compared with catering, entertainment, and residential services. The productive service industry has polarized. The financial service industry shows the trend of agglomeration and the research and development (R&D) and design service industry is experiencing decentralization. 3) The change of spatial distribution shows the trend of double zonal contraction as a whole. Productive service industry and consumer service industry are highly coupled. The cluster center of social service industry tends to move to the core, and circulation service industry and information service industry are gathering in the outer circle.

Key words: industrial agglomeration, service industry, CBD, Xinjiekou of Nanjing City

崔喆, 沈丽珍, 刘子慎. 南京市新街口CBD服务业空间集聚及演变特征——基于微观企业数据[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(11): 1832-1844.

CUI Zhe, SHEN Lizhen, LIU Zishen. Spatial agglomeration characteristics of service industry in Xinjiekou CBD of Nanjing City and change: Based on micro enterprise data[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 39(11): 1832-1844.

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服务业分组	行业代码与名称
生产性服务业	66 货币金融服务,67 资本市场服务,68 保险业,69 其他金融业,70 房地产业,71 租赁业,72 商务服务业,73 研究与试验发展,74 专业技术服务业,75 科技推广与应用服务业
流通性服务业	51 批发业,52 零售业,53 铁路运输业,54 道路运输业,55 水上运输业,56 航空运输业,57 管道运输业,58 多式联运和运输代理业,59 装卸搬运和仓储业,60 邮政业
消费性服务业	61 住宿业,62 餐饮业,80 居民服务业,81 机动车、电子产品和日用产品修理业,82 其他服务业,88 文化艺术业,89 体育,90 娱乐业
社会性服务业	76 水利管理业,77 生态保护和环境治理业,78 公共设施管理业,79 土地管理业,83 教育,84 卫生,85 社会工作
信息服务业	63 电信、广播电视和卫星传输服务,64 互联网和相关服务,65 软件和信息技术服务业,86 新闻和出版业,87 广播、电视、电影和录音制作业

时段		生产性服务业	社会性服务业	流通性服务业	消费性服务业	信息服务业	总计
2000—2004年	全市	36.34	2.52	23.61	16.64	20.88	100
	新街口	40.10	2.48	20.19	17.18	20.05	100
	比例差值	3.76	-0.04	-3.43	0.54	-0.83
2005—2009年	全市	37.54	3.41	22.59	16.82	19.64	100
	新街口	40.52	3.78	19.94	17.85	17.91	100
	比例差值	2.98	0.38	-2.66	1.03	-1.73
2010—2014年	全市	39.63	3.70	20.38	18.07	18.22	100
	新街口	42.28	4.89	17.01	20.82	15.01	100
	比例差值	2.65	1.19	-3.37	2.75	-3.22
2015—2018年	全市	35.72	5.68	15.42	20.61	22.57	100
	新街口	37.57	6.87	13.71	23.16	18.68	100
	比例差值	1.86	1.19	-1.71	2.55	-3.89