经济全球化、全球金融危机与中国——基于金融地理学的视角

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2019.10.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

2008—2009年的全球金融危机对西方发达国家尤其是英美经济体的影响是深远的,反映在经济、政治和社会的各个层面。相关学科的学者从不同的视角对金融危机的爆发作出了解释。论文尝试从金融地理学的角度分析经济全球化与全球金融危机之间的关系并探讨危机对中国的影响。首先,研究考察了经济全球化背景下新的国际劳动力分工的形成,指出了金融危机的传导机制,并描绘了金融危机对世界经济地理塑造的空间差异。对中国来说,全球金融危机是外部性的,西方发达国家的经济衰退和消费收缩直接影响了中国的出口,但危机并没有动摇中国的金融体系。其次,解释了为什么全球金融危机没有动摇中国的金融体系。制度的空间异质性、市场经济制度的多样性、政府积极的宏观调控和中国以银行主导的金融体系都是重要因素。第三,金融危机之后中西方金融地理学家对中国问题的兴趣逐渐增加,文章总结了最新的研究进展并指出其存在的不足之处。最后,在西方金融地理学最新研究进展的基础上,对中国金融地理学的学科构建提出了建议。

关键词: 经济全球化, 全球金融危机, 中国, 金融地理学

Abstract:

The impact of the 2008-2009 global financial crisis on Western developed countries, especially the Anglo-American economies, is far-reaching and is reflected on economic, political, and social dimensions. A large body of scholars from various disciplines has attempted to explain the outbreak of the financial crisis. This study analyzed the relationship between economic globalization and the global financial crisis, and explored the impact of the crisis on China from a financial geography perspective. First, this study examined the formation of a new international labor division in the context of economic globalization, identified the transmission dynamics of the financial crisis, and mapped the changing geographies of world economies shaped by the financial crisis. With regard to China, the global financial crisis was external. The economic recession and consumption contraction of Western developed countries have directly affected China's exports, but the financial crisis has not fundamentally affected China's financial system. Second, the article explains why the global financial crisis did not impact China's financial system. The spatial heterogeneity of institutions, the varieties of market economic systems, the government's positive role and control, and China's banking-dominant financial system were all important contributors. Third, the interests of Chinese and international financial geographers on China have gradually increased in the last decade and this article summarizes the latest research progress and identifies the shortcomings of the existing research. Finally, based on the research progress of Western financial geography, this article puts forward some suggestions for the construction of China's financial geography in the future.

Key words: economic globalization, global financial crisis, China, financial geography

王晓阳,蒙克. 经济全球化、全球金融危机与中国——基于金融地理学的视角[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(10): 1482-1489.

WANG Xiaoyang,MENG Ke. Economic globalization, global financial crisis and China: A financial geography perspective[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2019, 38(10): 1482-1489.

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代表学者	理论基础和视角	金融危机爆发的原因
Shiller(2008)	行为金融学	金融市场上的非理性投资导致资产泡沫
Posner(2010)	公共政策	政府急功近利,政策多是短期行为,不考虑经济的长远发展
Johnson等(2010)	国际金融学	金融部门权力过大,经济金融化和金融全球化,金融和政治勾结,无限制跨境的金融流动导致全球经济不稳定
Rodrik(2012)	宏观经济学	经济全球化的负面效应和自由市场的缺陷
Rajan(2010)	国际经济学	世界贸易组织、国际货币基金组织、世界银行等国际组织对全球贸易和金融流动的不平衡协调不力
Harvey(2010, 2011)	新马克思主义经济地理学	资本的过度积累,资本主义危机的必然性
Wójcik(2012)	金融地理学	跨国公司通过离岸金融中心逃避监管和审查,扰乱全球金融秩序