关键词: 办公空间, 北京, 动态演变, 轨道交通换乘站, 集聚

Abstract: As an important part of city traffic, rail traffic has a profound impact on city space structure and resident travel behavior. Urban metro plays a critical role in the normal operation of the whole city system, attracting all sorts of city agglomeration in economic activities in surrounding areas, affecting the formation of agglomeration of different production and living space and to some extent, the development direction and landscape of a city. Metro construction also exerts a far-reaching influence on city spatial structure reorganization and distribution of industries. The relationship between metro and industrial agglomeration has become an urgent research question for scholars. This paper takes the business office space of Beijing urban area as an example for the study of such relationship. Using the GIS spatial analysis method this study examines the influence of urban metro transfer station on business office space agglomeration and distribution pattern of office space. It further analyzes the different stages of rail transportation development, and the dynamic change of Beijing urban business office concentration level and causes. The results show that: (1) There is a significant difference in business building density within different radius of metro transfer stations. Office building density is highest within 500 m from these stations, at 237.18/km2 and decreases to 118.40/km2 within 1500 m radius. (2) New office buildings tend to concentrate around the transfer sites: 54.3% of the new buildings are found within 1500 m from these stations. (3) With an increase of the range of influence of transfer stations, the number of high grade office agglomerations also increase. The most attractive zone for office activities is between 800~1500 m from transfer stations. (4) Dynamic analysis of Beijing metro transfer stations and office cluster scale before and after 2008 indicates that there is a clear difference between 800 and 1500 m radius for business office agglomeration degree; this is particularly true for the high-end office agglomerations. Some new transfer stations located in the concentrated area of existing business office buildings, such as the China World Trade Center station in the CBD core area and the Haidian Huangzhuang station in Zhongguancun, upgraded the original grade of existing office clusters and expanded their scope to a certain extent. (5) Functional properties of metro transfer stations influence the formation of office clusters. However, historical inertia, distance attenuation, external effects and dominant functions are the main factors that influence the numbers and grades of office clusters within different radius of metro transfer stations. Further studies should analyze functional properties of rail transit lines and transfer stations and their range of influence, define the functions and classes of metro lines and transfer stations, in order to guide the planning of residential and office space development along these lines and around these stations, and provide a reference for the construction of urban landscape corridors. In addition, in-depth investigation on the impact of urban metro on office space diffusion should be conducted as well.

Key words: agglomeration, Beijing, dynamic evolution, metro transfer station, office space