公共设施区位理论及其相关研究述评

doi:10.11820/dlkxjz.2010.12.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

公共设施科学配置、合理布局、实现效率与公平最大化是保障社会健康发展的基础，公共设施区位理论深受地理学、城市规划、经济学等各领域学者的广泛关注。已有综述类研究缺乏对公共设施区位相关理论体系的全面探讨，同时对20 世纪90 年代中后期以来的相关研究进展关注较少。本文一方面通过将公共设施区位理论与传统区位论在区位选择目标、决策主体、理论基础、研究内容等方面进行对比，对公共设施区位相关理论予以归纳；另一方面首先基于Deverteuil 的综述研究简要阐述创始阶段、数量、后数量时代西方公共设施区位理论的研究内容、研究方法、理论依据及局限性，尔后从多设施、多目标复杂区位模型、空间可达性度量、规划决策支持系统等角度重点评述90 年代中后期以来西方最新研究进展，同时对国内公共设施区位相关研究进展予以简要介绍；最后在厘清公共设施区位理论发展脉络的基础上，本文从统筹城乡公共设施配置、多种设施协同布局、区位决策因子多元化等方面提出未来研究展望。

关键词: 公共设施, 公平与效率, 区位理论, 社会福利

Abstract:

It is the basis for harmonious development of society that public facilities are allocated rationally with the aim to maximize efficiency and fairness, so public facility location theory has been concerned deeply by the scholars from various fields such as geography, urban planning and economics. Existed literature reviews have been in the absence of the formulation of public facility location theory framework, and the related researches since the late 1990s have received less attentions. We summarize public facility location theory framework by the contrast of public facility location theory and the traditional location theory in the aspects of locational selection objective, decision maker, theoretical bases, and research themes. Based on“reconsidering the legacy of urban public facility location theory in human geography”written by Deverteuil, we briefly discuss the research themes, methodology, theoretical bases and limitations of the Western public facility location theory in the initiated phase, the quantitative era and the postquantitative era. And then we review the latest Western researches with special emphasis on the period since the late 1990s, from the aspects of multiobjective facility location models of multiple facilities, spatial accessibility measurement, spatial planning decision support system and so on. Meanwhile, we briefly introduce the domestic related research of public facility location. After clarifying the development process of public facility location theory, we propose several possible future research directions including the overall planning of urban and rural public facilities allocation, the layout of a variety of facilities in coordination, and the diversification of location decision-making factors.

Key words: equity and efficiency, location theory, public facility, social welfare

宋正娜, 陈雯, 袁丰, 王丽. 公共设施区位理论及其相关研究述评[J]. 地理科学进展, 2010, 29(12): 1499-1508.

SONG Zhengna, CHEN Wen, YUAN Feng, WANG Li. Formulation of Public Facility Location Theory Framework and Literature Review[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2010, 29(12): 1499-1508.

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