城市群优化发展过程中往往伴随着产业结构的优化和升级、人口的转移及质量提升、创新能力的提升和深化。本文基于产业、人口、创新三大关键要素,以粤港澳大湾区为研究区域,以城市群发展关键要素功能升级的理论为依据,选取产业集群水平、人口流动情况、科创支撑力等代表性指标,采用定量测度、统计描述与定性分析相结合的方法,分析了当前粤港澳大湾区关键要素的功能现状及存在问题：产业层面,服务型经济集聚特征显现,但产业集群高级化程度不够;人口层面,大湾区具有较强的人口吸引力,但人才集聚性、高端化及国际化程度偏低;创新层面,大湾区具备一定的科创基础与活力,但原始创新能力不足。针对所面临的问题提出了高端制造业及生产性服务业培育、人才集聚功能强化、原始创新能力提升等关键要素功能升级路径,为促进粤港澳大湾区进一步优化发展,以及提升大湾区在全球经济中的竞争力提供一定的决策参考。

The development of urban agglomerations are generally accompanied by the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, population transfer and quality improvement, and the improvement and deepening of innovation capabilities. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has attracted worldwide attention as the new engine of China's economy and an important growth pole that promotes global economic development. Based on the three key elements of industry, population, and innovation, this paper takes the Greater Bay Area as the research area, relying on the theory of the function upgrade of the key elements of urban agglomeration development, selects representative index of the level of industrial clusters, population mobility, and technological innovation support, uses quantitative measurement, statistical description, and qualitative analysis methods to analyze the current functional status and existing problems of key elements in the study area. At the industrial level, the service-oriented economy has a characteristic of agglomeration, but the degree of advanced industrial clusters is not enough. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has not yet formed a number of high-end industrial clusters with distinctive regional characteristics and outstanding international competitiveness, including high-end producer services, high-tech manufacturing, and strategic emerging industries. At the demographic level, the Greater Bay Area has strong attractiveness, but the degree of talent concentration, high-end and internationalization is low and far below international standards. At the innovation level, the Greater Bay Area has a certain foundation and vitality for science and technology innovation, but the original innovation capabilities are insufficient. Especially, the relative lack of cutting-edge talents is also a constraint to the original highland creation in this region. In response to the existing problems, we propose a path to upgrade the functions of key elements such as the cultivation of high-end manufacturing and producer services, the enhancement of talent gathering functions, the improvement of talent flow guarantee mechanism, and the enhancement of original innovation capabilities. The suggestions in the paper should promote the further optimized development of the Greater Bay Area and provide certain decision-making reference for enhancing the influence and competitiveness of the bay areas in global economy.

在城市群创新网络视角下,采用粤港澳大湾区城市群创新相关数据,基于主成分分析法、地理引力模型与社会网络分析方法,研究了粤港澳大湾区创新水平及城市创新分工。研究结果表明,从创新分工来看,创新研发集中于珠三角9市,创新转化集中于香港和澳门。进一步分析创新研发合作情况,深圳以企业应用型创新为主,广州以基础创新为主,二者处于湾区创新网络的中心位置,带动了交互创新的4个城市子群,并在空间上形成创新分工三大片区。粤港澳大湾区已初步形成创新集群式发展格局,为湾区经济增长提供了有力支撑,成为中国经济高质量发展的重要空间载体。

From the perspective of innovation network of urban agglomerations, using the relevant data of innovation of urban agglomerations in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and based on the principal component analysis, geographical gravity model and social network analysis, this paper studies the innovation level and division of urban innovation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. The results show that from the perspective of innovation division of labor, innovation research and development are concentrated in nine cities in the Pearl River Delta, and innovation transformation is concentrated in Hong Kong and Macao. Further analysis of innovation and R & D cooperation shows that Shenzhen focuses on enterprise application-oriented innovation, while Guangzhou focuses on basic innovation, and they are in the center of innovation network in the bay area, driving four urban subgroups of interactive innovation, and forming three areas of innovation division in space. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has initially formed an innovative cluster development pattern, which provides a strong support for the economic growth of the bay area and becomes an important space carrier for the high-quality development of China's economy.

知识经济时代人才是建设粤港澳大湾区世界级城市群的重要生产要素。本研究采用2005年、2010年和2015年广东省人口普查和1%抽样调查数据,以及香港和澳门对应口径的统计数据,以县市为基本单元,提出从受教育程度和职业技能两个口径测度人才集聚水平,系统解析粤港大湾区高学历与高技能人才集聚的演化格局及影响因素。结果表明：① 粤港澳大湾区作为中国经济高度发达地区,人才集聚优势高度集中在香港、澳门,内地珠三角城市群的人才集聚水平低于京津冀城市群和长三角城市群。② 2005—2015年,粤港澳大湾区高学历人才集聚持续均衡化,而高技能人才集聚优势仍然体现在香港、澳门,内地因为发展教育提升的高学历人力资本尚未完全有效转化为高技能人力资本。③ 香港人才集聚水平处于绝对领先,澳门、广州、珠海和深圳次之,而外围县市相对处于人才洼地,特别是制造业发达的佛山、东莞人才集聚水平相对偏低。④ 面板模型表明,服务业对高技能人才集聚的拉动效应强于高学历人才,而制造业的拉动作用并不突出。高等教育对高技能人才集聚的带动作用要弱于高学历人才。高薪资待遇有利于促进高学历人才集聚,但对高技能人才集聚的促进作用有限。新时期,亟需推动粤港澳三地管理制度衔接、产业转型升级和优质高等教育建设,推动粤港澳大湾区建设国际创新中心。

In the era of knowledge economy, talents concentration plays a key role in the development of a world-class urban agglomeration of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GHM). Based on the population census of Guangdong Province in 2010, the 1% population sampling survey in 2005 and 2015, and employment statistics in Hong Kong and Macao, this study measures the level of talents concentration from two perspectives of educational attainment and occupation on the county scale, and analyzes the evolution pattern and motivations of talents concentration in the GHM. The results show that: (1) GHM is one of the highly developed economic areas in China, and there is the absolute advantage of talents concentration in Hong Kong and Macao, while the level of talents concentration in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration is lower than that in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations. (2) From 2005 to 2015, the spatial distribution of highly-educated talents in the GHM tends to be balanced, and there is also the advantage of the concentration of highly-skilled talents in Hong Kong and Macao. The increasing human capital defined by educational attainment in the mainland, which is caused by the expansion of college enrollment in China, has not been fully and effectively transformed into the advantage of human capital defined by occupation. (3) The level of talents concentration in Hong Kong plays an absolute leading role, followed by Macao, Guangzhou, Zhuhai and Shenzhen, while the counties and cities on the periphery of GHM have a low level of talents concentration. In particular, although Foshan and Dongguan have some developed manufacturing industries, their talents concentration level is relatively low. (4) The panel model shows that the service industry has a greater promoting impact on the concentration of highly-skilled workers than that of highly-educated labors, and manufacturing industry does not influence the talents concentration. Higher education plays a less important role in promoting the agglomeration of highly-skilled workers than that of highly-educated labors. High salary helps promote the concentration of highly-educated workers, while it does not boost the concentration of highly-skilled labors. In the new era, it is urgent to promote the cohesion of management systems in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, the industrial transformation and upgrading, and the establishment of high-quality higher education, ultimately, building GHM into an international innovation center.

在充分理解粤港澳大湾区城市群协同发展科学内涵的基础上,从产业协同创新、环境协同治理、服务协同共享和制度协同安排4个维度构建协同发展评价指标体系,综合运用“流”空间、大数据、网络分析和联锁网络模型等理论与方法,对城市之间的相互关系、流动性、连通性和边界效应进行量化分析。结果表明：1）城市之间的资本流动集中在广深之间,城市之间的知识流动集中在香港、广州和深圳之间；澳门、珠海、中山和江门等城市之间的环境协同治理水平更高,深莞惠和广佛等城市之间的环境协同治理水平稍差；广佛、广深、深莞等城市之间交通、通信、物流和银行等基础设施的服务协同共享水平更高；香港和澳门在跨境区域协同方面具有制度优势。2）粤港澳大湾区协同发展水平表现最优的是广州与深圳、广州与佛山、深圳与东莞、香港与深圳；同时,广州与东莞、深圳与佛山呈现联动趋势。虽然去边界化趋势明显,城市间流动性增强,但是粤港澳大湾区协同发展水平总体不高。3）广州和深圳两座中心城市的协同能力最强,香港和澳门两座国际化城市的协同能力仍有很大提升空间。

On the basis of fully understanding the scientific connotation of coordinated development of urban agglomeration in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the evaluation index system of coordinated development is constructed from four dimensions: industrial coordinative innovation, environmental coordinative governance, service coordinative sharing and institutional coordinative arrangement. The theory and method of space of flows, big data, network analysis and interlocking network model are comprehensively used to quantitatively analyze the interurban relationship, liquidity, connectivity and boundary effect. The research shows that: 1) Interurban capital flow is concentrated between Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and interurban knowledge flow is concentrated among Hong Kong, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Macao, Zhuhai, Zhongshan and Jiangmen have higher level of collaborative environmental governance, while Shenzhen-Dongguan-Huizhou and Guangzhou-Foshan have lower level of collaborative environmental governance. The interurban service coordination sharing level of infrastructure such as transportation, communications, logistics and banking is higher among cities of Guangzhou-Shenzhen, Guangzhou-Foshan and Shenzhen-Dongguan. And Hong Kong and Macao have institutional advantages in cross-border regional coordination. 2) Guangzhou and Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Foshan, Shenzhen and Dongguan, and Hong Kong and Shenzhen have the best level of coordinated development in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. At the same time, Guangzhou and Dongguan, Shenzhen and Foshan show a linkage trend. Although the de-boundary trend is obvious and the interurban liquidity is enhanced, the coordinated development level of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is generally not high. 3) The collaborative capacity of Guangzhou and Shenzhen is the strongest, and there is still much room for improvement in the collaborative capacity of the two international cities, Hong Kong and Macao. It is of great practical value to deeply understand the typical characteristics and potential trends of the coordinated development of urban agglomeration in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area for the construction of international first-class bay area and world-class urban agglomeration.

区域协同发展是新时期粤港澳大湾区提升国际竞争力、建设国际一流湾区和世界级城市群的关键,也是一项复杂、系统、与时俱进的科学议题。特别是当前伴随全球化格局、区域治理体系以及技术革新的快速演进,粤港澳大湾区的协同发展将面临机制性的变化。文章通过对新时期粤港澳大湾区协同发展的内涵与机制的系统性分析,认为粤港澳大湾区协同发展经历了生产要素一体化、制度整合一体化和全方位融合一体化3个阶段的演变,新时期协同发展涵盖产业协同创新、环境协同治理、资源协同配置、服务协同共享和制度协同安排5个维度,并且在全球化、市场要素、政府治理和技术变革影响下产生了诸多机制性变化。

Regional coordinated development is a complex, systematic and scientific issue advancing with the time which has attracted much attention. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) aims to develop into a world-class bay area and urban agglomeration. The development of GBA depends on regional coordinated development to enhance its international competitiveness. At present, the process of globalization has experienced multiple turning points, the regional governance system has been continuously optimized, and the technological innovation has evolved rapidly. The coordinated development of the GBA is facing institutional changes. Therefore, through the systematic analysis of the connotations and mechanisms of the coordinated development of the GBA, this paper describes the three stages of regional coordinated development since 1978, including the integration of regional production factors represented by the ‘front shop, back factory’ mode (1978-1996), the regional system integration led by institutional cooperation (1997-2014), and the regional all-round integration guided by national strategy (2015- ). In the meantime, the paper analyzes the five dimensions of the coordinated development of the GBA in the new period, including industrial collaborative innovation, environmental collaborative governance, resource collaborative allocation, service collaborative sharing and institutional collaborative arrangement. These five dimensions are helpful to understand the key areas to promote the coordinated development of the GBA in the coming decades. Furthermore, this paper holds that the regional coordinated development of the GBA is undergoing mechanism changes at four levels, which are mainly reflected in the transformation of globalization, the integration of the internal and external market, the rescaling of governance, and the energization of regional in-depth development facilitated by the new infrastructure. These institutional changes have the potential to generate a new model for the coordinated development of the GBA. This paper takes into account the retrospective review and forward-looking prospect on the coordinated development of the GBA, aiming to provide an entry perspective and analysis framework for related issues.

粤港澳大湾区是在“一带一路”倡议下,由珠三角经济圈的强化合作而产生的新地理概念。作为新兴的全球化港湾,粤港澳大湾区如何突破新自由主义框架理论,探索出符合社会主义市场经济体制的发展路径,是当前决策者和规划者需要思考的重要问题。本文简要梳理了现有的城市群、区域增长极理论,新经济地理集群理论,全球产业链网络理论并结合大湾区现状优势,对湾区发展战略定位与发展路径进行探究,认为可通过粤港澳三方通力合作,创造一个内生型的经济与产业本土增长模式为主要方向。具体表现为：首先,要以先进制造业为立足点、实现自我创新的产业升级,形成完善的制造业产业链,并成为全球生产网络的重要节点与区域性枢纽;其次,大湾区还应利用自身的科研与教育、金融与创新资源优势,推进“一国两制三关税区”、尤其是与香港在大湾区建设中的全方位参与联动,完善产权制度,加强合规和规则经济的市场经济体系建设,将大湾区打造为中国的科创中心及全球性金融中心。

The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is a new geographical concept arising from the enhanced cooperation of the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone under China's Belt and Road Initiative. As a new global bay area, how to make a theoretical breakthrough in neoliberalism framework and explore the development pathway in line with the socialist market economic system is an important issue that policymakers and planners need to think about. Based on a systematic review of the existing theories in urban agglomeration, regional growth pole theory, the cluster theory in new economic geography, and the global production network theory, this article seeks for a theoretical framework and grounding for understanding the development issues in the Greater Bay Area. In line with the existing advantages of the Greater Bay Area, this article identifies the strategic positioning and development pathway for the area, and argues that creating a new development model of endogenous growth with indigenous innovation is the first development priority for the Greater Bay Area. That is, through deepening the cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macau under "one country, two systems, three tariff zone," the Greater Bay Area could first achieve the transformation and upgrading in advanced manufacturing industry and secure a strategic position as an important regional hub in the global production network. Second, the Greater Bay Area should also use its own strengths in education, scientific research, and international financial services to develop China's innovation hub and global financial center with strong property rights, compliance, and rule-based economic system.

基于1990-2016年“Web of Science”核心合集所收录的科研论文合著数据,借助基尼系数测度属性和功能多中心性的方法,对粤港澳大湾区城市群的知识多中心性及其知识网络的演化进行了研究。结果发现：① 伴随着粤港澳大湾区城市群知识生产总量的持续增长,其多中心性程度呈现出阶段性、阶梯式提升的特征,分别经历了波动、增长和分化的发展阶段,港澳回归后的2000-2010年间是多中心性快速增长的重要阶段。② 粤港澳大湾区城市群在区域、国家和全球尺度上的功能多中心性程度随着尺度增加逐级递减,进一步证实了功能多中心性的尺度规律性;而且发现了多中心在演化中的尺度敏感性,全球尺度上的多中心性会存在不确定的峰值,而区域尺度上的多中心性可能会持续增加。③ 城市群多中心的演化是受制度接近、地理接近和等级接近影响,在研究人员移动、科研单位联动和政府政策推动及其行动主体间的相互作用下实现的,多中心程度的增加有助于推动粤港澳大湾区城市群构建科研协同创新共同体。

The concept of megalopolis, since its original inception six decades ago, has inspired many new terms that mainly describe large-scale urbanized forms such as megaregions and polycentric urban regions. However, recent studies have increasingly focused on the two key functions that megalopolises act as an incubator of new ideas and trends and as a hub that articulates knowledge exchange at the megalopolitan, national, and global scales. While the recent studies have mainly analyzed the functional aspects of megalopolis based on China's Yangtze River Delta region, this paper investigates the evolving process and mechanisms of knowledge collaboration within and beyond Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) - one of the most promising and vibrant megalopolises in China. In addition, the GBA megalopolis is unique because it contains Hong Kong and Macao, which have a different political system from China's mainland. Drawing upon a dataset of publications that were indexed in Web of Science Core Collection during the 1990-2016 period, this paper uses the Gini coefficient to measure the degree of knowledge polycentricity of the GBA megalopolis. Here, knowledge polycentricity is further classified into attribute polycentricity of knowledge production and functional polycentricity of knowledge collaboration within and beyond the GBA megalopolis. Whereas the attribute polycentricity refers to the distribution inequality of the total publications of GBA cities, the functional polycentricity represents the distribution inequality of GBA cities' knowledge collaboration at different geographical scales. Our empirical results show: (1) knowledge production of the GBA megalopolis as a whole has experienced a robust and continuous growth. The degrees of both attribute polycentricity and functional polycentricity have also been on the increase in general, although there are some fluctuations in early years and some deviations in recent years. During the ten years after Hong Kong and Macao returned to China (the 2000-2010 period), the degree of knowledge polycentricity of the GBA megalopolis especially enjoyed the fastest rise; (2) The degree of functional polycentricity decreased with the expansion in the geographical scales at which it is measured, confirming the findings of previous studies that functional polycentricity is scale-dependent. Moreover, we find that the degree of functional polycentricity becomes more fluctuated at the global scale while it tends to increase continuously at the megalopolitan scale; (3) The evolving process of knowledge polycentricity of the GBA megalopolis is influenced by institutional proximity, geographical proximity and status proximity between cities. Specifically, the mobility of researchers, the collaboration of universities and research institutes, and the coordination of local governments are three major forces promoting the evolution of knowledge polycentricity of the GBA megalopolis. Overall, the increasing knowledge polycentricity would be of significance for the GBA megalopolis to form a knowledge-driven region of collective collaboration.

以粤港澳大湾区点尺度的发明专利空间数据为基础,通过建立战略性产业与专利IPC分类号之间的联系,提取了大湾区6类主要行业的发明专利,利用核密度分析、标准差尾值检验、熵值法和平均最邻近距离分析等方法,识别粤港澳大湾区多类型技术创新的空间分布特征与差异。结果表明：粤港澳大湾区技术创新的地理格局呈现显著的空间不均衡性,区域尺度形成了广州与深圳2个集聚核心,珠江东西两岸在创新能力上存在较大差距,技术多样性的区位主要分布在大湾区核心城市的核心区；新一代电子信息、先进材料、绿色石化3类产业的创新占大湾区整体的51.67%,不同技术类型的创新在空间上呈现显著分异,主要集中在广州、深圳、东莞、珠海的核心区,其中,新一代电子信息产业创新的空间集聚度最高。

The dynamics of innovation in geographical space is closely related to the regional development trajectory. Evolutionary economic geography points out the path dependence characteristics of regional development, and emphasizes that the direction of regional development is rooted in the original industrial and technological structure characteristics. Therefore, the geographical pattern of technological innovation and the identification of its diversity characteristics are of significance to the realization of regional innovation and the evolution of industrial structure. From the perspective of strategic industry, this paper aims to reveal the geographical pattern and diversity characteristics of technological innovation in strategic industry in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). Based on the point scale spatial data of invention patents in the GBA and by means of connecting strategic industry with national economy industry classification code and patent IPC classification code, the invention patents of six major industries in the GBA are extracted, which are the new generation of electronic information industry, automobile industry, green petrochemical industry, new energy industry, advanced material industry and intelligent robot industry. And the nuclear density analysis, standard deviation tail value test, entropy method and average nearest neighbor distance analysis are used to identify the spatial distribution characteristics and differences of multiple types of technological innovation in the GBA. The results show that the geographic pattern of technological innovation in the GBA presents a significant spatial imbalance. At the regional scale, Guangzhou and Shenzhen are the two agglomeration cores. There is a large gap in the innovation ability between the east and west sides of the Pearl River. The accumulation of technological innovation on the east bank is much higher than that on the west bank. The innovation profile line on the east bank has formed two obvious peaks in Guangzhou and Shenzhen. The high value of the innovation profile line on the west bank is mainly concentrated in Guangzhou and Zhuhai, and the peak value is far lower than that on the east bank. The location of technological diversity is mainly distributed in the core areas of the GBA, mainly including Yuexiu District and Tianhe District in Guangzhou, Nanshan District and Futian District in Shenzhen, Binhai District in Dongguan and Xiangzhou District in Zhuhai. And the distribution characteristics of technological innovation data of different industrial types are different. The innovation of the new generation of electronic information industry, advanced materials industry and green petrochemical industry accounts for 51.67% of the total innovation in the GBA. The innovation of different technological types shows obvious spatial differentiation. The innovation agglomeration degree of the new generation electronic information industry is the highest, with the R value of 0.0576. And its observed value of the average nearest neighbor distance between invention patents is 32.03 m, which belongs to the minimum value in the selected analysis industries, showing strong agglomeration characteristics. There are differences in the distribution characteristics of the agglomeration core of the six major industries in the GBA. The common ground is that they have formed the largest two agglomeration cores in the core areas of Guangzhou and Shenzhen, covering Yuexiu-Tianhe area in Guangzhou and Futian-Nanshan-Luohu area in Shenzhen. And the spatial distribution is mainly concentrated in the core areas of Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan and Zhuhai. Among them, the spatial agglomeration degree of the new generation of electronic information industry innovation is the highest. Agglomeration and multi-dimensional proximity, diversity and path dependence are the main mechanisms for the formation of the geographical pattern of technological innovation in the GBA, and these two key mechanisms promote the formation of current multi-type technological innovation space in the GBA.

在新时期新背景下,实现粤港澳区域联动发展具有紧迫性、必要性和重大现实意义。本文认为研究粤港澳区域联动发展需要以区域一体化理论体系、“全球—地方”尺度理论、区域空间相互作用理论体系为主要的理论基础。其关键科学问题是研究“一国两制”下粤港澳尺度的区域联动理论,探索粤港澳区域联动的机制、关键因素、模式与路径;提出了粤港澳区域联动发展关注的4个重点议题：①粤港澳区域一体化/协同理论的研究与探索;②粤港澳地位与作用研究;③粤港澳联动的多尺度、多主体影响机制与模式研究;④粤港澳联动发展的实施路径研究。

Given the modern background of economic globalization, regional economic integration, new global economic development trends caused by modern technological reforms, the Belt and Road initiative, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area development strategy, there is a growing sense of urgency, necessity, and practical significance in achieving the joint development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao region. This requires an in-depth understanding and accurate grasp of the key scientific issues and important topics related to this task. This article argues that research related to the joint development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau region must be based on a regionally unified theoretical framework, "global-local" scale theory, and regional spatial interaction theory as its theoretical basis. In this regard, key scientific issues include the study of the theory of regional linkages of scale in Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macau under the "One Country, Two Systems" framework, and the exploration of mechanisms, factors, models, and pathways governing linkages in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau region. In so doing, this article proposes four important topics that can be considered with regard to the joint development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau region: (1) Research and exploration of unification/coordination theory in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau region under the "One Country, Two Systems" framework; (2) Research related to the location and role of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau region; (3) Research related to the multi-scale and multi-agent impact mechanisms and models for the linkages between Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macau; (4) Research related to implementation pathways for the unified development of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macau.

全球化时代人口、产业、能源、贸易等关键生产要素跨区域快速流动,人地关系由静态走向动态,由孤立化走向网络化,地理尺度被充分放大,标志着人地关系从区域性向全球性转变。粤港澳大湾区作为我国对外开放的前沿阵地之一,改革开放四十年来其人地关系已经发生了深刻的变化,亟需重新认识和研究粤港澳大湾区人地关系的全球配置与区域响应模式,为粤港澳大湾区在全球和区域尺度合理配置人地关系核心要素,建设世界一流湾区提供理论支撑。本文在把握新时代人地关系的全球性转变基础上,对粤港澳大湾区人地关系研究进行了展望：① 从理论上探讨世界一流湾区人地关系从区域性转向全球性的一般模式和规律;② 分析改革开放以来粤港澳大湾区人地关系的全球配置过程及其驱动因素变化;③ 剖析全球模式下湾区内部的区域响应差异与区域协同机制;④ 探索“创新-产业-环境”关键系统全球模式的重构路径;⑤ 提出新时代粤港澳大湾区人地关系的优化与调控路径。

建设国际科技创新中心是粤港澳大湾区新时代最有共识、最有优势、最富挑战的战略方向,亟需国际科技创新中心建设的理论探索。国内外经典创新系统理论更加专注于创新系统内部,注重单一空间的创新要素与创新活动组织问题,忽视了全球和区域之间要素的关联模式,缺乏在全球视野下宏观与微观结合的综合观察。由此,本文在总结国内外经典创新系统理论的基础上,构建了全球视野下的以“科技”和“人才”为核心,以“科技-产业-全球生产网络”和“人才-环境-世界城市网络”为链条的国际科技创新中心理论模式,认为国际科技创新中心是全球创新网络、全球生产网络和世界城市网络三重网络结构的核心节点,建设国际科技创新中心需要实现三重网络的协同效应。在这样的理论框架下,分析了粤港澳大湾区双核心与双链条的发展情况,并以此提出了粤港澳大湾区建设国际科技创新中心的路径和相关建议。

Developing the region into an international innovation and technology hub is the most common, the most advantageous, and the most challenging strategic direction for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in the new era. There is an urgent need for the theoretical research and developing studies of the international innovation and technology hubs. Classical theories of the innovation systems focus more on the interior of innovation systems, paying attention to innovation elements and organization of innovation activities in a single space, but neglect the inextricable link between global and local elements and organizations, lacking comprehensive observations combining macro and micro perspectives. Therefore, on the basis of summarizing the classic innovation system theories, this paper constructs a theoretical model with global vision for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area constituting international innovation and technology hubs: "Science and technology" and "talent" are the cores, and "science and technology-industry-global production network" and "talent-environment-world city network" are two chains. Focusing on science and technology and the pooling of talents, it is needed to gather elements of innovative resources, enhance regional innovation capabilities, drive industrial transformation and upgrading, and improve urban functions and environments, so as to reshape the role in the global production network and the world city network. It is considered that the international innovation and technology hubs are the core nodes of the triple networks: global innovation network, global production network and world city network. To develop into an international science and technology innovation center, it is necessary to upgrade its strength and position in the three networks at the same time. Compared with the existing innovation system theories, the new model attaches importance to the internal and external relations with both global and local visions, in which the chain structure avoids the simple listing of elements, but emphasizes the mechanisms of the innovation system. Under this theoretical framework, the double-cores (talent & science and technology) and double-chains (science and technology-industry-global production network & talent-environment-world city network) of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area are analyzed, and the paths for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area developing into an international technological innovation center are proposed. This paper provides an explanatory tool for the organizing similarities and differences between international innovation and technology hubs under the background of globalization, which is a supplement to the theories of innovation systems.