不稳定性的概念谱系及地理学研究议题与展望
黄耿志(1986— ),男,广东汕尾人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为城市化与社会地理。E-mail: hgzhi3@mail.sysu.edu.cn |
收稿日期: 2024-07-03
修回日期: 2024-10-06
网络出版日期: 2025-02-21
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(42471228)
国家自然科学基金项目(42122007)
The conceptual genealogy and geographical research on precarity
Received date: 2024-07-03
Revised date: 2024-10-06
Online published: 2025-02-21
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42471228)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42122007)
世界正在经历百年未有之大变局,不确定的时代和不稳定的生活开始浮现,不稳定性(precarity)作为一个概念在近20年迅速成为西方人文地理学备受关注的话题。论文首先基于西方社会科学的经典文献,阐释了不稳定性在劳动状况、本体论经验和阶层范畴三个层面的基本内涵,进而梳理了西方人文地理学关于不稳定性的研究脉络,发现不稳定性的地理学研究具有显著的批判主义思维,聚焦关注结构化的不稳定性环境对人的影响以及人在这一环境下的响应,并形成了两条研究主线:一是研究特定历史条件下劳动状况的不稳定性,关注不稳定劳动就业产生的结构化机制与不稳定无产者(the precariat)的能动性;二是研究作为人类生命本体论经验的不稳定性,关注宏观地缘政治和日常城市生活政治产生的不稳定性对居民的影响及引发的政治后果。最后,提出可结合新兴经济、经济新常态、国际政治形势和弹性资本积累等时代背景开展中国语境下的不稳定性地理学研究。综述有助于促进国内人文地理进入不稳定性研究领域,为认识不稳定性带来的社会风险和实现社会经济的稳定发展做好研究准备。
黄耿志 , 柴力行 . 不稳定性的概念谱系及地理学研究议题与展望[J]. 地理科学进展, 2025 , 44(2) : 226 -239 . DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2025.02.002
The world is undergoing unprecedented changes that have not been seen in a century, with an era of uncertainty and precarity beginning to emerge. Over the past 20 years, the concept of precarity has rapidly become a topic of great interest in Western human geography. This article first explained the basic connotations of precarity in terms of labor conditions, ontological experience, and class categories based on the classic literature of Western social science. It then reviewed the research trajectory of precarity in Western human geography and found that the geographical research on precarity exhibits a significant critical thinking approach. It focuses on the impact of structured environments of precarity on individuals and their responses within such environments, forming two main research threads: one is the study of precarity in labor conditions under specific historical circumstances, focusing on the structural mechanisms of precarious employment and the agency of the precariat; the other is the study of precarity as an ontological experience of human life, focusing on the impact of precarity caused by geopolitics and the politics of everyday urban life on residents and the political consequences that arise. Finally, the article suggests that research on precarity in the Chinese context can be carried out by integrating the economic situations of emerging economies, the new normal of the economy, flexible capital accumulation, and international politics. This article aimed to promote the field of human geography in China to extend into the realm of precarity, preparing for research in understanding social risks brought about by precarity and achieving long-term stable development of the social economic system.
Key words: precarity; labor; employment; agency; geopolitics; everyday life
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