本文在系统分析全球干旱区生态重建与人地系统优化宏观环境的基础上,分析了我国西北干旱区生态环境恶化形势和面临的生态重建机遇及挑战。认为生态威胁已上升为全球最大的安全威胁,生物多样性退化速度惊人,许多物种频频告急,诸多脆弱生态区域先后沦为生态灾难区,国家与地区之间的跨国生态掠夺仍在继续,惊人的生态破坏加剧着生态贫困与经济贫困,生态重建引起国际社会关注,生态安全战略成为全球战略重要组成部分。进而把区域可持续发展理论、恢复生态学理论、社会生态学与地生态学理论作为西北干旱区生态重建与经济可持续发展的理论基础。

Based on the systematical analysis on the macroscopic background of the ecological reconstruction and economic sustainable development in the global arid area, this paper analyzes the situation that ecological environment is getting worse and worse in northwest arid area of China. The opportunity and the challenge on ecological reconstruction which are faced with in northwest arid area of China are also analyzed. It is considered that ecological threat has become the biggest security threat throughout the whole world. Furthermore, the degeneration of biodiversity is amazing, many species are frequently in emergencies, a lot of fragile ecological regions have been reduced to ecological disaster areas, ecological pillages which go beyond nations and districts still continue, and astonishing ecological destructions accelerate ecological poverty and economic poverty. So ecological reconstruction is paid more and more attention to in international society, and ecological security strategy has become an important part of the global strategy. According to this, this paper puts forward that regional sustainable development theory, restoration ecology theory, and social ecology and geo ecology theory can be considered as the theoretical basis of ecological reconstruction and economic sustainable development in northwest arid area of China.