基于MFA的深圳市生态可持续评价
收稿日期: 2010-01-01
修回日期: 2010-05-01
网络出版日期: 2010-09-25
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(40635028;40801066)
Ecological Sustainability Assessment Based on Material Flow Analysis: A Case Study in Shenzhen City
Received date: 2010-01-01
Revised date: 2010-05-01
Online published: 2010-09-25
为探讨区域生态可持续发展的程度，运用物质流分析方法，对深圳市经济环境系统在1992-2007年期间的物质输入与物质输出的规模进行了动态分析，并将物质强度与物质效率与其他区域的相关研究进行了比较。结果表明:深圳是一个资源外部性依赖很强的地区，区域经济系统的物质输入在2004年出现拐点，物质输出与物质输入具有高相关性，区域物质消耗调控的关键应当从源头上控制物质投入规模;深圳市正处于城市发展的第3个阶段，物质输入强度逐步回落，物质输出强度缓慢上升，城市的发展逐步摆脱对物质的依赖性，但区域生态环境系统的压力依然很大;深圳市资源生产率和环境效率逐渐上升，技术的进步提高了物质的利用效率，区域社会经济系统发展的物质消耗成本和环境污染成本越来越小;深圳市经济系统与生态环境系统的相互作用分为两个阶段，口前区域生态系统正处于由相对可持续发展向绝对可持续发展的转型阶段。
黄松林, 吴健生, 彭建, 黄秀兰 . 基于MFA的深圳市生态可持续评价[J]. 地理科学进展, 2010 , 29(9) : 1107 -1114 . DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2010.09.013
To study the relationship between economic development and environmental pressures of the economic system, the material inputs and outputs of the economic system in Shenzhen City during the period from 1992 to 2007 were calculated and analyzed by the material flow analysis (MFA). The material intensity and material efficiency in Shenzhen were compared with other distrios using the same indicators. The results showed that Shenzhen relied greatly on outside resources and the material inputs of its economic system changed obviously in 2004. The key point for controlling material consumption was to control the amount of material inputs. Shenzhen is on the third stage of city development, and the material inputs go down slowly and the material outputs rise. Shenzhen is getting ride of the reliance on the outside materials step by step but the eeo-environmental system is still under a great pressure. Shenzhen’s resource production efficiency and environment efficiency are improving. The improvement of technology increases the efficiency of material use. So the costs of material consumption and environment pollution are becoming lower and lower. The interaction between economic system and eco-environmental system can be divided into two stages. Shenzhen is now experiencing the transformations from relative sustainable development to absolute sustainable development.
Key words： ecology; MFA; Shenzhen City; sustainable development
[1] Wang Y L, Fu B J. Landscape ecology: The theoretical foundation of sustainable agrolandscape planning and de-sign. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 1995, 7(3): 289-296.
[2] Kates RW，Clark WC, Corell R, et al. Sustainability sci-ence. Science, 2001, 292: 641-642.
[3] Clark WC, Dickson N M. Sustainability science: The e-merging research program. Proceedings of the National A-cademy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2003, 100(14): 8059-8061.
[4] 高敏雪.绿色GDP的认识误区及其辨析.中国人民大学学报，2004(3): 56-62.
[5] 李双成，傅小锋，郑度.中国经济持续发展水平的能值分析.自然资源学报，2001, 16(4): 297-304.
[6] 彭建，刘松，吕婧.区域可持续发展生态评估的能值分析研究进展与展望.中国人口·资源与环境，2006, 16(5): 47-51.
[7] 彭建，吴健生，蒋依依，等.生态足迹分析应用于区域可持续发展生态评估的缺陷.生态学报，2006, 26 (8): 2716-2722.
[8] 陈效述，赵婷婷，郭玉泉，等.中国经济系统的物质输入与输出分析.北京大学学报:自然科学版，2003, 39(4): 538-547.
[9] Haberl H, Fischer-Kowalski M, Krausmann F, et al. Progress towards sustainability? What the conceptual fiamework of material and energy flow accounting (MEFA) can offer. Land Use Policy, 2004, 21: 199-213.
[10] 彭建，王仰麟，吴健生.区域可持续发展生态评估的物质流分析研究进展与展望.资源科学，2006, 28(6):189-195.
[11] 宋永昌，戚仁海，尤文辉，等.生态城市的指标体系与评价方法.城市环境与城市生态，1999, 12(5): 16-19.
[12] 宋冬梅，肖笃宁，申元干水我国沿海地区生态城市建设评价.地理科学进展，2004, 23(4): 80-86.
[13] 谭明华.深圳环境拐点与绿色GDP核算问题研究.特区经济，2008, 11: 21-24.
[14] 蒋依依，王仰麟，李卫锋，等.城市生态可持续发展量度方法探讨:以深圳市为例.北京大学学报:自然科学版， 2005, 41(4): 612-621.
[15] 吴健生，张玉清，李萍.基于生态足迹的城市地域可持续发展能力评价:以深圳为例.资源科学，2008, 30(6): 850-856.
[16] 赵志强，李双成，高阳.基于能值改进的开放系统生态足迹模型及其应用:以深圳市为例.生态学报，2008, 5: 2220-2231.
[17] Brunner P H, Rechberger H. Practical Handbook of Ma-terial Flow Analysis. Lewis: Lewis Publishers, 2004.
[18] 陶在朴.生态包袱与生态足迹:可持续发展的重量及面积概念.北京:经济科学出版社，2003.
[19] German Federal Statistical Office. Integrated Environmen-tal and Economic Accounting: Material and Energy Flow Amounts. Wiesbaden: German Federal Statistical Office, 1995.
[20] Senbel M, McDaniels T, Dowlatabadi H. The ecological footprint: A non-monetary metric of human consumption applied to North America. Global Environmental Change, 2003, 13: 83-100.
[21] European Commission. Economy-wide Material Flow Ac-counts and Derived indicators: A Methodological Guide. European Communities, Luxembourg, 2001.
[22] Scasny M, Kovanda J, Hak T. Material flow accounts, bal-antes and derived indicators for the Czech Republic dur-ing the 1990s: results and recommendations for method-ological improvements. Ecological Economy, 2003, 45:41-57.
[23] World Resources Institute (WRI). The Weight of Nations: Material Outflows fiom Industrial Economies. World Re-sources Institute, Washington D C. 2000.
[24] Poldy F, Foran B. Resource Flows: the Material Basis of the Austrian Economy. http://www.cse.csiro.au/publica-dons/1999/resourceflows-99-16.pdf, 1999.
[25] Schandl H, Schulz N. Using Material Flow Accounting to operationalize the concept of Society's Metabolism. A Preliminary MFA for the United Kingdom for the period of 1937一1997. http://www.iser.essex.ac.uk/pubs/lworkpaps/pdf/2000-03-l.pdf.
[26] 陈效述，乔立佳.中国经济一环境系统的物质流分析.自然资源学报，2000, 15(1): 17-23.
[27] 徐明，张天柱.中国经济系统的物质投入分析.中国环境科学，2005, 25(3): 324-328.
[28] 刘敬智，王青，顾晓薇，等.中国经济的直接物质投入与物质减量分析.资源科学，2005, 27(1): 46-51.
[29] 李刚.基于可持续发展的国家物质流分析.中国工业经济，2004, 11: 11一18.
[29] 刘伟，鞠美庭，于敬磊，等.天津市经济一环境系统的物质流分析.城市环境与城市生态，2006, 19(6): 8-11.
[30] 徐一剑，张天柱，石磊，等.贵阳市物质流分析.清华大学学报:自然科学版，2004, 4(12): 1688-1699.
[32] Eurostat. Economy-wide Material Flow Accounts and De-rived Indicators: A Methodological Guide .Luxembourg: European Communities, 2001.
[33] 黄和平，毕军，张炳，等.物质流分析研究述评.生态学 报，2007, 27(1): 368-379.
[34] Zhou Z F, Sun Y L, Wang J. Preliminary Study on regional material flow analysis of Chengyang District in Qingdao, China. Ecological Economy, 2006, 2(1): 89-98.
[35] 张音波，夏志新，陈新庚，等.基于物质流分析方法的区域可持续发展动态研究:以广东省为例.资源科学， 2007, 29(6): 212-218.
[36] 徐明，贾小平，石磊，等.辽宁省经济系统物质代谢的核算分析.资源科学，2006, 28(5): 127-133.
[37] 吴开亚，林宝国，等.1990-2004年安徽省生态足迹动态分析合肥工业大学学报:自然科学版，2007, 30(9): 1134-1138
[38] 段宁，柳楷琳，孙启宏等.基于MFA的1995-2005年中国物质投入与环境影响研究.中国人口资源与环境， 2008, 18(6): 105-109.
[39] Eder P, Narodoslawsky M. What environmental Pressures are a region's industries responsible for? Ecological Eco-nomics, 1999, 29: 357-374.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |