地方政府主导的土建城市化——以鹤壁市为例
收稿日期: 2010-01-01
修回日期: 2010-05-01
网络出版日期: 2010-07-25
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(40701041,40871066);教育部博士点基金(20070558072);留学回国人员科研启动基金。
Local Government-oriented City Making in Inland China: A Case Study of Hebi, a Mining City
Received date: 2010-01-01
Revised date: 2010-05-01
Online published: 2010-07-25
中国的城市化模式有别于西方，主要特色在于政府的作用。中央政府和地方政府的不同作用方式的组合，形成了中国城市化的时代特色和多种地域类型。20世纪80年代之前，主要是中央政府推动下的“自上而下”的城市化；80年代之后，全球化和地方力量影响下，“自下而上”、“自外而内”等多种类型的区域城市化迅速推进，与此同时地方政府的作用日益凸显。但相对于沿海地区城市化主要表现为产业升级、规模集聚、改善居住需求引发的内城更新和对外扩张而言，内陆地区的城市化则更多是作为一种促进经济增长的“战略”强行实施，其中地方政府具有更积极的作用。本研究以河南省鹤壁市为例，探讨了这种地方政府主导下的城市化过程，实证了在征地、基础设施建设、人口迁移、企业吸引等多个环节中的地方政府作用。这一过程的持续性及其意义仍需进一步探讨，但或许这将成为一种新的中国城市化路径。
刘云刚,殷冠文 . 地方政府主导的土建城市化——以鹤壁市为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2010 , 29(7) : 887 -896 . DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2010.07.016
It is argued in the literature that industrialization and the development of tertiary industry are the major driving forces of urbanization. However, little is known about the implications of institutional forces upon urbanization. Hebi city, a mining city in Henan Province, is taken as a study case to investigate a new type of urbanization in China, i.e. local government-oriented urbanization. As a mining city, Hebi is threatened by the coming exhausting of mining resources. Accordingly, a new city has been built-up beside the old area of Hebi. Through intensive interviews as well as an anthropological fieldwork in 2007, it is found that local governments endeavor intentionally to construct the new city to transfer population and sectors from the deteriorated old city. It is disclosed that a branch of institutional strategies including administrative-boundary adjustments, new-office-building constructions and infrastructure optimizations have been successfully implemented by the local governments. The local governments endeavor to re-orient the development trajectory for the accumulation of both population and sectors, i.e. urbanization. The local governments play a decisive role in the urbanization of Hebi. It is indicated that institutional forces will have important impacts upon urbanization in China.
Key words： city making; Hebi city; inland city; local government; policy process; urbanization
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