本文重点分析了华北平原地区城市化发展水平、发展趋势及其与水资源利用间的关系。得出以下主要观点 :第一 ,城市用水快速增长 ,用水结构从生产、生活并重型向生产主导型转换 ;第二 ,城市水资源供需矛盾突出 ,局部地区地下水超采严重 ;第三 ,城市用水结构存在明显 4种类型 ,即生活用水比重高—人均用水水平低、生活用水比重高—人均用水水平高、生活用水比重低—人均用水水平低、生活用水比重高—人均用水水平高四类城市 ,各类城市的未来用水需求趋势存在差异 ;第四 ,未来本地区城市化水平将进一步提高 ,经济总量进一步扩大 ,水资源供需矛盾会更加突出 ,建立更有效的城市用水机制和更广泛的区域供水网络将显得非常重要。

As is known to all, Huabei plain is a area of water shortage. The situation of water shortage is serious in some urban areas, which affects the regional sustainable development. In this paper, the relationship between urbanization and water use in Huabei plain is studied. The results indicate that the urban water consumption in this area increased very quickly in past two decades, which is key factor resulting in the water shortage. The factors determined the growth of water consumption are different among the cities. According to the water consumption feature, the cities are classified into four types. In order to mitigate the contradiction between water resource supply and water consumption, it is important to adjust the urban industrial structure and develop the techniques for saving water in production. In addition, it is also necessary to establish regional water supply network.