基于航片测定城市建筑容积率 ,首先需要确定建筑物的高度或楼层数 ,旨在比较利用直接法、投影法、阴影法和高差法估算城市容积率的精度 ,本文在 1∶ 2 5 0 0和 1∶ 40 0 0航片上测定了 2 1个建筑物的高度 /楼层数。比较分析表明 :直接法估算城市容积率的精度最低 ,高差法在测定地物高度时最精确 ,阴影法和投影法在估算楼层数时最精确。航片比例尺对容积率的影响因量测方法而异 ,随比例尺减小 ,直接法精度提高 ,投影法精度几乎不变 ,但阴影法和高差法精度明显下降。

The determination of the ratio of urban built-up volume requires the height information or the number of floors of a building. The purpose of this paper is to compare the accuracy of the ratio measured with the direct, the displacement, the shadow and the parallax methods. The number of floors/height of 21 buildings is determined from 1∶2500 and 1∶4000 aerial photographs. The comparative analysis of these results shows that the direct method is the least accurate. Although the parallax method is the most accurate in determining height, its accuracy is next to that of the shadow method in estimating the ratio. The impact of the scale of the photographs used on the estimation of accuracy varies with the height determination methods. With the decrease of scale, the accuracy of the direct method improves, but the shadow and the parallax’s accuracy worsens. Scale hardly affects the accuracy of the displacement method.