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地理科学进展 >

2011 , Vol. 30 >Issue 8: 967 - 977

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11820/dlkxjz.2011.08.003

城市研究

城市规划实施的时空动态评价

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  • 1. 清华大学建筑学院，北京 100084;
    2. 北京市城市规划设计研究院，北京 100045;
    3. 浙江大学公共管理学院，杭州 310029;
    4. 加州大学伯克利分校城市与区域规划系，美国伯克利94720;
    5. 日本金泽大学环境设计学院，日本金泽920-1192
龙瀛(1980-)，男，博士研究生，高级工程师，主要研究方向为规划支持系统和城市系统微观模拟。E-mail: longying1980@gmail.com

收稿日期: 2010-11-01

  修回日期: 2011-03-01

  网络出版日期: 2011-08-25

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(50908200，51078213)。

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Spatio-temporal Evaluation of Urban Planning Implementation

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  • 1. School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
    2. Beijing Institute of Architectural Design, Beijing 100045, China;
    3. College of Public Administration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China;
    4. Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;
    5. School of Environment Design, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan

Received date: 2010-11-01

  Revised date: 2011-03-01

  Online published: 2011-08-25

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摘要

规划实施评价是近年来中国城市规划领域的研究热点。已有研究主要侧重于以整个规划范围为研究对象，在一定时间范围内对比规划实施结果和发展现状的一致性，属于时空静态的针对规划实施结果的评价方法。但城市规划的实施效果在时间维度和空间维度都具有异质性，而且城市扩展同时受到市场力量和政府因素的影响，城市规划作为一种政府主导的制度性因素，并不是制约城市扩展的唯一因素。本文提出了基于Logistic 回归和GIS 的时空动态的规划实施评价方法，其在考虑实施结果的同时更侧重对规划实施过程的评估，考虑了城市扩展的框架下城市规划对空间控制的实施效果，并以北京市域1958、1973、1982、1992 和2004 年编制的五版城市总体规划为例进行实证分析。根据规划执行的时间跨度，将1947 年至2008 年分为5 个时间阶段，分析各个阶段城市扩展的驱动因素，识别各版城市规划在不同阶段所起到的城市扩展促进作用。并以2004-2008 年为例，以各个区(县)为子区域，探讨2004 版总规在中心城市、近郊区和远郊区实施效果的空间变化，识别总规在城市扩展中的空间异质性，并给出相应的政策含义。结果显示，随着时间的推移，建国后北京市城市规划的控制作用呈现出逐渐增强的趋势。远郊区县的规划作用效果明显高于近郊和中心地区。

关键词： 北京; 城市规划; 城市扩展; 规划实施评价; 时空动态; 一致性

本文引用格式

龙瀛, 韩昊英, 谷一桢, 沈振江, 毛其智 . 城市规划实施的时空动态评价[J]. 地理科学进展, 2011 , 30(8) : 967 -977 . DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2011.08.003

Abstract

Urban planning implementation evaluation (UPIE) has attracted great attention from the urban planning profession as well as local governments in recent years. The existing literature mainly focuses on the conformity approach and does not take careful account into the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the urban planning implementation effectiveness. Moreover, previous studies fail to distinguish the effects of the urban planning from other institutional forces as well as the market forces on urban expansion. Therefore, we introduce a spatio-temporal dynamic approach for UPIE using logistic regression to evaluate the effectiveness of the urban planning on urban expansion. The empirical research is conducted in the Beijing Metropolitan Area (BMA) by the analysis of five versions of the city master plans issued in 1958, 1973, 1982, 1992 and 2004 respectively. According to the temporal phases of implementing the plans, five phases are divided from 1947 to 2008 to evaluate the temporal dynamics of urban plans and the effectiveness of other factors. In addition, the effectiveness of the 2004 City Master Plan of the 16 districts of the BMA is estimated respectively to identify the spatial variations of the planning implementation. The results show that the effectiveness of urban planning increases over time, and is significantly stronger in remote areas than in the central city and sub-urban areas.

Key words： Beijing; conformity; planning implementation evaluation; spatiotemporal heterogeneity; urban expansion; urban planning

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