全球环境变化下人-环境耦合系统的脆弱性研究综述
收稿日期: 2009-06-01
修回日期: 2009-12-01
网络出版日期: 2010-04-24
基金资助
国家科技支撑计划课题(2007BAC23B05);科技部中德国际合作项目(2006DFB91920).
Summary on Research of Coupled Human-Environment System Vulnerability under Global Environmental Change
Received date: 2009-06-01
Revised date: 2009-12-01
Online published: 2010-04-24
全球环境变化导致的冲击和压力已经成为社会与生态系统可持续发展的主要障碍,脆弱性分析作为可持续研究的主要分析工具之一引起了研究者的广泛关注.目前脆弱性研究还没有形成完善的理论体系、规范的评估程序和普遍适用的方法.本文在阅读了国内外脆弱性研究相关文献的基础上,从人-环境耦合系统的角度总结了脆弱性的概念框架,对不同研究背景下的脆弱性定义和三个组成要素进行了深入的分析,归纳了脆弱性研究的核心问题;梳理了脆弱性的起源、发展和现状,总结了人-环境耦合系统脆弱性研究中的热点问题和几个典型的脆弱性综合分析框架.由当前脆弱性的发展状况指出了未来脆弱性研究需要解决的问题:确定并有效表达系统脆弱性与多个压力间的因果关系、人-环境耦合系统的不确定性、脆弱性动力学机制问题和脆弱性与风险管理决策的信息互动关系.
陈萍,陈晓玲 . 全球环境变化下人-环境耦合系统的脆弱性研究综述[J]. 地理科学进展, 2010 , 29(4) : 454 -462 . DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2010.04.010
Perturbations and stresses induced by global environmental change due to human activities have been the primary hindrances to sustainability of coupled human-environment system. Vulnerability analysis serving as a principal tool for sustainable researches increasingly arrests research communities’ attentions and it has become the hotspot in researches of global environment change. So far there have no consummate theory for vulnerability research, normal evaluation procedure and genetic metrics. Based on collected literatures, the conceptual framework of vulnerability was summarized, and formulation and components of vulnerability, exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity, on different research contexts were analyzed in depth as well as the core issues around vulnerability. From a perspective of human-environment system, traditions and states quo of vulnerability research were presented through summing up current hotspots, and assembling researches on hazard responding thresholds, relationships among three vulnerability components, qualitative measurement of vulnerability and multi-source-data integration for evaluating vulnerability. Three typical analytical frameworks in vulnerability studies, which are especially suitable for coupled human-environment system, are also discussed. The challenges for vulnerability research in the future are concluded to effectively illustrate the causal relationship between vulnerability and multiple stressors in the coupled human-environmental system, to solve uncertain issues of the system, to accurately delineate dynamical process and the interaction among the elements of the system in vulnerability evaluation and to improve the efficiency of the information flow between vulnerability evaluation and decision makers.
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