厦门市同安区不同扩展轴上的景观格局梯度分析与比较
网络出版日期: 2009-09-25
基金资助
福建省自然科学基金项目（2007J0225）
Gradient Analysis and Comparison of Landscape Pattern along Different |Expansion Axes of Tong’an District in Xiamen City
Online published: 2009-09-25
城市扩展轴上的景观格局梯度变化特征及其变化原因的研究，是了解城市化对城市景观生态影响过程与机制的一个理想途径。本文选取厦门市同安区为研究对象，采用梯度分析结合景观格局分析方法，分别在沿同集路方向与沿往翔安的324国道方向的城市扩展轴上布设样带，通过移动窗口取样，运用景观格局指数进行景观格局梯度分析与比较。结果表明，在斑块类型水平上，沿同集路方向的扩展轴各项指数受城市化影响较明显，沿324国道方向的则不明显；在景观水平上，城市化造成沿同集路方向扩展轴景观形状更为复杂，景观多样性减少，景观格局由原本的多种景观均势并存转变为以城镇景观为主导的格局，景观更为破碎化，而沿324国道方向景观形状没有明显受城市化影响，但城市化促使景观多样性增加，景观格局由原本的以耕地景观为主导的格局转变为多种景观均势并存的格局，景观破碎化程度方面则没有明显受城市化影响。城市化水平的不同造成了城市扩展轴景观格局梯度变化特征的不同，周边地区城市化水平、城市建设布局模式、地域自然景观特征等因素则影响景观格局梯度变化的幅度与峰值的出现。
黄宁1, 2|吝涛3|章伟婕4|曹英兰1, 2 . 厦门市同安区不同扩展轴上的景观格局梯度分析与比较[J]. 地理科学进展, 2009 , 28(5) : 767 -774 . DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2009.05.015
Study on changes of landscape pattern gradient along urban expansion axis and their drivers is an ideal way to understand the urbanization process and mechanism that affect landscape dynamics. Tong’an District of Xiamen has expanded obviously along Tongji Road to Jimei District and the 324 National Road to Xiang’an District in decades. Combining gradient analysis with landscape pattern metrics, we analyzed the changes of landscape pattern gradients along Tongji Road with a 12-km long and 3-km wide transect and along the 324 National Road with a 9-km long and 3-km wide transect, by using moving window technique, and made comparisons between them. The results showed that, at class-level, most landscape metrics along Tongji Road were significantly influenced by urbanization process, while those along the 324 National Road were not. At landscape-level, urbanization along Tongji Road resulted in increases in landscape shape complexity and fragmentation, but decreases in landscape diversity. The uniformly coexistent pattern of the diverse landscapes was converted to an urban landscape dominant pattern. However, along the 324 National Road, urbanization did not obviously affect landscape shape complexity and fragmentation, but increased landscape diversity. The cultivated landscape dominant pattern was converted to a diverse landscape uniformly coexistent pattern. Urbanization level was the key factor that led to the changes in difference between the two urban expansion axes. Results showed that urbanization level along Tongji Road was intermediate but that was primary along the 324 National Road. Other factors also caused landscape pattern gradient changes. Urbanization level of neighboring area, urban construction layout pattern and characteristics of natural landscape in the study area influenced the range and the peak value occurrence of landscape pattern gradient changes.
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