乡村社区是指一定乡村地域上具有相对稳定和完整的结构、功能、动态演化特征以及一定认同感的社会空间，是乡村社会的基本构成单元和空间缩影。通过乡村社区研究可以较为全面地洞察乡村社会的组织结构、空间特征与过程及其变迁的动力机制。苏南是中国乡村经济最发达的地区之一，其小城镇的蓬勃发展促进了现代乡村社区的变迁。本文回顾了苏南现代小城镇发展历程与特点， 从乡村社区观念、经济、文化、聚落和保障5 个方面剖析了小城镇发展对苏南现代乡村社区变迁的作用， 并系统分析了苏南现代小城镇建设与乡村社区的发展趋势。

Rural community refers to a certain rural region which has steady and integrated structure, function, characteristics of dynamic evolution and some sense perception of social identification. A rural community is a basic component unit and spatial miniature of rural society. Research on rural community contributes to insight into organizational structure, spatial characteristics and mechanism of its changes. The history and characteristics of development of Southern Jingsu’s modern township are reviewed first. Then, the influence of development of modern township on the changes of Southern Jiangsu’s rural community is analyzed from five aspects of rural community as follows: idea, economy, culture, settlement and guarantee. In the end, some trends of construction of modern township and development of rural community of Southern Jiangsu Province are proposed.