半城市化地区在快速的城市化进程中,其人居环境出现了剧烈的变迁,形成了独特的住区形态.本文以厦门市集美区为研究区,采用定性和定量相结合的方法,首先综合考虑不同住区在物质形态和非物质形态方面的特征,对研究区内的住区进行了分类判别和比较.然后结合SPOT-5全色波段影像,利用景观生态学的研究方法,选取不同的景观指数,在城区和样区两个尺度分析了住区的空间分布特征.结果表明:在城区尺度上,农村居民点在所有形态的住区中所占比重达到43%,并在城区内呈分散分布;城市建成区中城中村所占的比例大于城市型住区,前者呈分散分布,后者更趋于集中分布.在样区尺度上,受城市化影响程度不同,不同形态的住区周边的景观格局呈现出城市化梯度特征,而且城市化程度越高的样区,其景观破碎化程度越高.

A large number of peri-urban areas are fostered due to China's rapid economic development especially in the southeast coastal areas. The human settlements in peri-urban areas have changed drastically and formed unique settlement morphology in the process of rapid urbanization. Taking Jimei district, Xiamen city as an example, and using the qualitative and quantitative combined method, this study aims to probe into the changes of settlement morphology in the process of urbanization, and the impacts of urban expansion on the spatial distribution of settlements and the landscape pattern in their surrounding areas in this region. The innovations in this study include: (1) according to a comprehensive consideration of their physical form and non-material form characteristics, the settlements existing in the study area are classified to five types, i.e. rural settlement, town, suburb village, in-city village and urban settlement; (2) with SPOT-5 panchromatic band image in Dec. 2006 of this area, the spatial distribution characteristics of different settlements are analyzed at both regional scale and selected sample area scale using different landscape metrics; (3) the sample areas are established using different forms of settlements as their cores in order to compare the impact of urbanization on landscape pattern in their surrounding areas. Findings from metric analyses reveal that rural settlements have the largest share and tend to display scattered distribution at the regional scale. The proportion of in-city villages is larger than that of urban settlements within the urban built-up area, and the distribution of the latter in this region is more concentrated than the former. Affected by different degrees of urbanization, the landscape pattern in the surrounding areas of different forms of settlements shows features of the urbanization gradient, following the order of rural settlement→town→suburb village→in-city village→urban settlement, and the higher the degree of urbanization, the higher the level of landscape fragmentation in the sample area.