水土与地表过程

青藏高原冰湖研究进展及趋势

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  • 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所|北京 100101;2. 中国科学院研究生院|北京100049

网络出版日期: 2010-01-25

基金资助

中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-310);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2005CB422006);
        国家自然科学基金项目(40371006);中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所创新项目

The Progress and Trends of Glacial Lakes Research on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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  • 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China|
    2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Online published: 2010-01-25

摘要

冰湖是由于冰川活动或者退缩产生的融水在冰川前部或者侧部汇集而成的,可分为冰川终碛湖(冰碛阻塞湖)、冰川阻塞湖、冰斗湖和冰蚀槽谷湖。其中分布数量较多、规模较大,且灾害风险较高的是冰川终碛湖。因此,冰川终碛湖是研究冰湖的主要对象。受全球气候变暖的影响,冰湖溃决产生的洪水、泥石流等重大冰川灾害的发生频率有所升高,灾害的影响程度以及范围也有所加大,引起了冰川山地国家的广泛关注。青藏高原内部发育着36793条现代冰川,冰川面积49873.44 km2,分别占中国冰川总条数、总面积和冰储量的79.5%、84%和81.6%。在全球气候变暖的大背景下,多数冰川呈加速消融及退缩的态势,导致了冰湖溃决洪水和冰川泥石流等重大冰川灾害发生频率的加剧和影响程度的加大。本文围绕冰湖溃决条件、冰湖稳定性评价、冰湖溃决洪水模拟等几个研究方面,对青藏高原冰湖研究的现状及进展进行了较为系统的总结,并对未来研究趋势进行了展望。

本文引用格式

姚治君1|段瑞1,2|董晓辉1|余成群1 . 青藏高原冰湖研究进展及趋势[J]. 地理科学进展, 2010 , 29(1) : 10 -14 . DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2010.01.002

Abstract

Glacial lakes are resulted from glacial activities and the increasing water convergence in the front or on the side of glaciers caused by the retreat of glaciers. Global warming results in the frequency increasing and the effect aggravating of the glacial disasters caused by the glacial lakes outburst flood and the glacial mudslide. In this paper, the authors discussed surrounding glacial break conditions, stability evaluation, outburst flood model and other relevent aspects, made a systematic summary of the current situation and progress in the studies on glacial lakes, especially in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and predicted the trend of glacial lakes researches in the future.

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