农业景观对土壤侵蚀的适应机制研究初探
收稿日期: 2008-01-01
修回日期: 2008-04-01
网络出版日期: 2008-05-25
基金资助
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40601001);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD20B07;2007BAC03A10);中央级公益性 科研院所专项资金资助项目(2008- IARRP- 01)
Preliminary Theory of Adaptation Mechanisms of Soil Erosion in Agr icultur al Landscape
Received date: 2008-01-01
Revised date: 2008-04-01
Online published: 2008-05-25
随着气候变化对农业系统的影响不断加剧，为保障粮食安全，必须掌握变化中的自然与人文因素，判别农 业景观中可调整的关键机制，依据未来的可能情景，尽早订定农业景观优化方案。本研究以土壤侵蚀问题为切入 点，整合相关的环境因子，构建农业景观对土壤侵蚀适应性的研究框架。基本思路为首先通过目前气候变化对土壤 侵蚀的影响研究，为不同时空尺度上土壤侵蚀发生、发展趋势提供理论依据；其次，从增强未来农业景观对土壤侵 蚀适应能力的角度，详细讨论景观类型、空间配置和管理措施等与土壤侵蚀的关系，以提高农业景观优化配置的针 对性；最后，为科学评价农业景观对土壤侵蚀适应的程度，基于Agent 模型原理设计土壤侵蚀模拟模型，通过不同 土壤侵蚀情景下景观类型、结构、空间配置和管理措施等的适应性分析，为有效提升区域农业景观的土壤抗侵蚀能 力提供科学依据。
李正国,周清波,王仰麟,张小飞 . 农业景观对土壤侵蚀的适应机制研究初探[J]. 地理科学进展, 2008 , 27(3) : 29 -37 . DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2008.03.005
The consensus of atmospheric scientists is that climate change is occurring and affecting agricultural system increasingly. To maintain food security at a regional scale, we should recognize the key adjustable factors in agriculture management and design an optimized plan for agricultural landscape under climate change. This paper aimed at future soil erosion changes and tried to construct a research scheme for adaptation in agricultural landscape by combing related environmental factors. Firstly, to provide a scientific basis for prediction of soil erosion trends at various spatio- temporal scales, we summarized related studies about the influences of climate and land use change on soil erosion. Secondly, from the point of strengthening the adaptation ability to soil erosion, the relationships between landscape characteristics (landscape types, spatial patterns and crop management conditions) and soil erosion were fully discussed to improve the adaptation of optimized configuration in agricultural landscape. Finally, for evaluating the adaptation degree of agricultural landscape, soil loss and runoff were then predicted with an agent - based erosion model under future climate scenarios, which can help management of valuable cropland and suggest the need for continually changing soil conservation strategies.
Key words： adaptation mechanisms; agricultural landscape; soil erosion
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