地球系统科学是以地球系统为研究对象, 重点研究各圈层、各要素以及自然和人为现象 之间相互作用关系的科学, 是在科学技术自身发展和社会需求共同推动下发展起来的新兴学科。 地球系统科学概念的提出是为了解决全球性的资源和环境问题的需要, 是地球科学向综合集成 方向转变的重要阶段。目前在地球系统科学思想的指导下, 在全球规模上已经组织了一系列重要 国际联合研究计划, 企图组织全球的科学家协作推动地球科学的发展。地球系统科学发展离不开 对地球系统要素和圈层的物理、化学和生物过程的综合观测工作的支持。自20 世纪80 年代以 来, 一些国家、国际组织和国际合作项目都纷纷建立了国家、区域甚至全球尺度的观测、监测和信 息共享网络。国际长期生态研究网络(ILTER) 自20 世纪80 年代开始建设, 其目的是对生态过程 进行长期的监测, 研究各种生态因子的相互作用及生态过程, 从而揭示出生态系统和环境的长期 变化, 为生态系统评价及管理提供科学依据。 中国生态系统研究网络(CERN) 始建于1988 年, 在中国生态系统动态观测、科学研究和试验 示范方面发挥了重要作用, 2005 年在CERN 的基础上, 由国家科技部组织开始建立中国国家生 态系统观测研究网络(CNEN) , 目前已经遴选出了53 个台站, 开始对农田、森林、草地( 含荒漠) 和 水体( 湖泊和海湾) 的动态进行观测研究, 该网络必将成为全球地球观测系统(GEOSS) 的重要组 成部分, 在我国地球系统科学发展的历程中发挥重要作用。本文主要从发展地球系统科学角度, 讨论生态系统观测研究网络在地球系统科学中的作用。

Earth system science aims at earth system and particularly focuses on its different spheres, key factors and the interactions between nature and human activities. It is the emerging fields promoted by scientific development and social demand. The concept of Earth system science was proposed for solving the problems of global resources and environment, which was an important stage for earth science changing into the direction of integration study. At present, a number of important international joint research programs have been organized on global scale under the guidance of earth system science that attempts to unite global scientists to boost the development of earth science. The development of earth system science relies on the integrated observation of the physical, chemical and biological processes in key elements and spheres of earth system. Since 1980s, many observation, monitoring and information sharing networks have been established on regional, national and international scales by some countries, international organizations and projects. International Long Term Ecological Research Network (ILTER) was established in 1980s. The scientific objectives of ILTER are to carry out long- term observation on ecological processes, study the interaction among various ecological factors, investigate the long - term changes of ecosystem and environment and offer scientific support for ecosystem assessment and management. Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) was initially established in 1988. It has played important roles in the dynamic observations, scientific research and production demonstrations of ecosystem and environment in China. Based on CERN, Chinese National Ecosystem Network (CNEN) was established by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 2005. Fiftythree stations have been enrolled to CNEN for dynamic observations and research in cropland, forest, lake, gulfs and grasslands as well as deserts. CNEN will become a necessary part of the GEOSS and take important roles in the development of earth system science in China. This study will discuses the potential roles of ecosystem observation and research network in earth system science and future directions of CERN.