地球空间数据 (简称地学数据 )来源的拓宽、更新手段的发展和应用领域的扩大使数据集成或集成使用的研究和实用化成为必需。简单地理解 ,地学数据集成是指不同来源、不同性状数据在相同环境下的使用。地学数据是对地理现象和过程及过程时空特征认知基础上的表达 ,地学数据集成的基础主要表现在 :地理现象和过程的空间和时间统一性、地学过程时空过程的连续性、地学现象和过程的层次性、地学数据认知的一致性、依赖于元数据的地学数据的透明性、数据内容和形式的相对独立性等 ;在此基础上 ,作者在论文中描述了基于地学知识和地理信息系统功能的地学数据集成概念模型和过程 ,并对地学数据集成过程中涉及到的问题进行了说明。
Following the extension of capturing method for geo spatial data, development of database updating technology, and application of geo spatial, Geo spatial data integration is found more and more necessary than ever before. Simply saying, geo spatial data integration is the processes in which geo spatial data captured from different sources and created with internal and external characteristic can be used within one uniform platform. The paper describes why geo spatial data can be integrated and how to integrate. In the first part of the paper, the authors focus on the theory foundations of geo spatial data integration, such as: (1) spatial and temporal uniform of geo processes and geo phenomena that are considered as the content of geo spatial represented. (2) Temporal and spatial continuity of geo processes and phenomena, accordingly, coming to the result that different part of one geo spatial feature can be joined together in an integrated dataset. (3) Hierarchy of geo processes and phenomena make possible the data generalization in data integration. (4) The similar cognition processes in different geo spatial data capturing processes make possible the comparison of same spatial feature in different dataset. (5) Based on geo spatial metadata, how to make the content and format of geo spatial knowable to data users. (6) The independence of contents of geo spatial data on it’s format. Based on the theory foundation, at the final part of the paper, the authors describe a general geo spatial data integration system which includes geo spatial metadata information system, geo information processing model, network based data user interface, distributed geo spatial database, and geo export knowledge system.
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