地理科学进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 130-136.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2018.01.014
收稿日期:
2017-12-12
修回日期:
2018-01-13
出版日期:
2018-01-28
发布日期:
2018-01-28
作者简介:
作者简介:彭建(1976-),男,四川彭州人,博士,副教授,研究方向为景观生态与土地利用,E-mail:
基金资助:
Yihe LV1,2,*(), Wei FU1, Ting LI1,2, Yuanxin LIU1
Received:
2017-12-12
Revised:
2018-01-13
Online:
2018-01-28
Published:
2018-01-28
Supported by:
摘要:
区域资源环境综合承载力是人地关系和谐和可持续发展的重要基础,也是自然地理综合研究的前沿及热点内容。近年来,区域资源环境综合承载力研究取得了长足进展,体现在:①建立了综合、广泛的评价指标体系;②资源环境综合承载力与人地关系的调适;③综合研究方法的应用;④对资源环境综合承载力的时空动态研究的关注及尝试。目前,资源环境综合承载力研究应用于国土空间开发、产业规划、灾后重建、资源环境监测及预警等领域。未来仍需在完善指标体系的构建、研究尺度及动态变化等方面加强研究,以此深化综合自然地理理论及实践研究,为区域资源、社会和生态环境可持续性研究提供支撑。
吕一河, 傅微, 李婷, 刘源鑫. 区域资源环境综合承载力研究进展与展望[J]. 地理科学进展, 2018, 37(1): 130-136.
Yihe LV, Wei FU, Ting LI, Yuanxin LIU. Progress and prospects of research on integrated carrying capacity of regional resources and environment[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2018, 37(1): 130-136.
表1
主要型承载力类型的内涵
承载力要素 | 承载力内涵 | 细化方向 | |
---|---|---|---|
资源承载力 | 土地资源 | 一定时期内,一定区域的社会、经济、生态环境条件下,土地资源所能承载人类各种活动的规模和强度的阈值(彭文英等, 2015)。 | 城市土地承载力、耕地承载力、森林承载力 |
水资源 | 在一定经济社会和科术发展水平条件下,以生态、环境健康发展和社会经济可持续发展协调为前提,区域水资源系统能够支撑社会经济可持续发展的合理规模 (段春青等, 2010)。 | 湿地承载力、渔业资源承载力、地下水承载力 | |
矿产资源 | 在一个可预见的时期内,在当时的科学技术、自然环境和社会经济条件下,矿产资源的经济可采储量(或其生产能力)对社会经济发展的承载能力(王奎峰等, 2016)。 | 煤炭资源承载力、矿产资源安全承载力 | |
旅游资源 | 一定时期内,在可持续发展的标准下,生态旅游目的地的自然环境、社会经济环境和生态旅游资源对于开展生态旅游活动的容纳或支持能力(杨倩等, 2015)。 | 海滩资源承载力、自然保护区生态承载力、旅游资源空间承载力 | |
土壤水 | 在土壤中水、肥、气、热相互协调的前提下,一个地区土壤水资源供需协调的综合能力(Lazcano et al, 2014)。 | 土壤水含量承载力、耕地土壤水资源承载力 | |
植被 | 某一区域的某种植物在生命期的1至多年内,在现有的条件下,以维护水分生态良性循环和可持续发展为前提,当地土壤水分中雨水的补给量可支撑的植物群落健康生产或生长的最大数量(王延平等, 2012)。 | 土壤水分植被承载力、植被碳承载力 | |
环境承载力 | 水环境 | 某一区域某一时期内,特定社会生产条件及经济发展水平下,以水为核心的资源环境有机整体在自身结构、功能不受破坏的前提下所能提供的承载人类社会活动的能力(马巾英, 2015)。 | 河湖环境承载力、水产养殖环境承载力 |
大气环境 | 在某一时期、某一区域,环境对人类活动所排放大气污染物的最大可能负荷的支撑阈值(徐大海等, 2013)。 | 大气环境容量、大气环境安全承载力 | |
土壤环境 | 在维持土壤环境系统功能结构不发生变化的前提下,其所能承受的人类作用在规模、强度和速度上的限值(Jiang et al, 2016)。 | 土壤环境容量、铅承载力、畜牧业环境承载力 | |
地质环境 | 一定条件下地质环境所能承受人类活动的影响与改变的最大支持能力(王奎峰等, 2015)。 | 生态地质环境承载力、山地环境承载力 |
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