地理科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 530-534.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2010.05.003

• 资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄土高原坡耕地苜蓿产量及水土流失地形分异模拟——以延安燕沟流域为例

杨 波1,2, 徐 勇1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101;
    2. 中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2010-01-01 修回日期:2010-03-01 出版日期:2010-05-25 发布日期:2010-05-25
  • 作者简介:杨波(1982-),男,辽宁新民人,博士生.主要从事人地关系机理模拟和GIS技术应用等领域的研究工作.E-mail: yangb.08b@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40771086); 国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD09B10); 中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX2-XB2-05-01).

Topographic Differentiation Simulation of Alfalfa Yield and Soil and Water Loss in the Loess Plateau

YANG Bo1,2, XU Yong1   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2010-01-01 Revised:2010-03-01 Online:2010-05-25 Published:2010-05-25

摘要:

退耕还林还草是目前黄土高原整治生态环境和控制水土流失的主体政策.为使生态退耕政策得到有效落实,本文基于WIN-YIELD软件,以延安燕沟流域为例,利用2006年延安站的逐日气象数据和燕沟流域地貌、土壤及土地利用等资料,模拟分析了不同地形高程、坡度和坡向条件下坡耕地种植苜蓿的秸秆干物质产量、水土流失量及其地形分异特征.结果表明:在黄土高原,地形坡度是影响苜蓿秸秆干物质产量和泥沙流失的重要因素,苜蓿秸秆产量模拟值随地形坡度的增大而减小,泥沙流失的模拟值随地形坡度的增大而增大;地形高程1000 m以下的地域种植苜蓿其产量明显高于1000 m以上的地域,坡耕地苜蓿产生径流和泥沙随地形高程的变化不显著;地形坡向对苜蓿秸秆产量和水土流失量的影响不大.

关键词: 地形分异模拟, 黄土高原, 苜蓿, 坡耕地, 水土流失

Abstract:

De-farming slope farmland has been an effective measure in recent years for the improvement of the eco-environment and the mitigation of soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau. This paper, taking the Yangou Basin as a case study and using the day-by-day meteorological data from Yan’an station in 2006, simulated and analyzed the quantitative relation between alfalfa straw yield, soil and water loss and topographic condition with the aid of WIN-YIELD software. The results show that: a) Topographic gradient has important influences on straw yield and sediment loss in the Loess Plateau. The bigger the gradient is, the lower the straw yield and the more sediment loss will be. b) The straw yield, when the alfalfa is planted below an elevation of 1000 m, is significantly higher than that over 1000 m. Changes of soil and water losses with topographic height on slope farmland are not significant. c) Topographic slope aspect has little effect on the straw yield and soil and water loss.

Key words: alfalfa, simulation of topographic differentiation, slope farmland, soil and water loss, the Loess Plateau