地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (7): 1113-1126.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2021.07.004

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于改进高斯两步移动搜索法的深圳市公园绿地可达性评价

仝德1(), 孙裔煜1, 谢苗苗2,*()   

  1. 1.北京大学深圳研究生院城市规划与设计学院,北京大学(深圳)未来城市实验室,广东 深圳 518055
    2.中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-21 修回日期:2021-01-18 出版日期:2021-07-28 发布日期:2021-09-28
  • 通讯作者: *谢苗苗(1982— ),女,河北保定人,博士,教授,主要从事景观生态与土地利用研究。E-mail: xiemiaomiao@cugb.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:仝德(1980— ),女,陕西西安人,博士,副教授,主要从事城市地理与土地经济研究。E-mail: tongde@pkusz.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41971205);国家自然科学基金项目(41771204);北京大学(深圳)未来城市实验室铁汉科研开放课题基金(201701)

Evaluation of green space accessibility based on improved Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method: A case study of Shenzhen City, China

TONG De1(), SUN Yiyu1, XIE Miaomiao2,*()   

  1. 1. Peking University (Shenzhen) Laboratory for Urban Future, School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
    2. School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2020-09-21 Revised:2021-01-18 Online:2021-07-28 Published:2021-09-28
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(41971205);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771204);Tiehan Scientific Research Open Fund of Laboratory for Urban Future Peking University(201701)

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摘要：

公园绿地可达性是衡量城市宜居水平的重要指标。针对传统可达性分析多用统计数据开展评估而导致的供需尺度失衡问题,论文以深圳为例,采用公园绿地空间矢量数据和手机信令数据获取供需空间分布,采用高斯两步移动搜索法计算交通小区(TAZ)尺度公园绿地可达性,并结合可达性结果及供需、交通情况聚类,剖析可达性差异化模式及成因。主要结论如下：① 通过改进传统可达性计算数据源和高斯两步移动搜索模型,建立城市中微观尺度公园绿地可达性评价及成因研究框架,可更精确地评估优化城市公园绿地可达性;② 深圳市公园绿地综合可达性整体水平较高,但存在明显的从中心向外围递减的趋势,社区公园可达性差异与公园绿地供需不匹配是造成各区域可达性差异大的重要原因;③ 根据K均值聚类分析结果,将深圳市TAZ单元分成低供给低需求低可达性区、中供给低需求中可达性区、高供给高需求中可达性区、高供给低需求高可达性区,各类区域具有差异化的可达性内涵、特征和成因;④ 公园绿地可达性提升可针对不同分区特征,通过公园布局优化、道路建设和居住区规划布局等差异化方式实现。研究充实了城市公园绿地可达性评价案例,提出的基于手机信令数据和高斯两步移动搜索法的可达性分析方法不仅可应用于城市公园绿地布局与规划,也可为其他地理现象可达性分析提供思路参考。

关键词: 公园绿地, 可达性, 两步移动搜索法, 手机信令数据, 深圳

Abstract:

Accessibility of park green space is an important indicator of the livability level of a city. In order to solve the problem of scale imbalance between population and park green space distribution data by traditional accessibility analysis, this study used mobile phone signaling data to obtain the spatial distribution of population, and adopted the Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method to calculate the accessibility of park green space at the scale of traffic analysis zone (TAZ) in Shenzhen City. It also conducted a cluster analysis based on the accessibility results, supply and demand, and traffic conditions. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) More refined population information can be obtained through mobile phone signaling data to improve the accuracy of demand assessment. For different types of parks, the Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method represents an improvement in calculating the accessibility of parks in the city. 2) The overall level of comprehensive accessibility of park green space in Shenzhen is relatively high, but there is an obvious decreasing trend from the city center to the periphery. The mismatch between the accessibility of community parks and the supply and demand of park green space is an important reason for the large difference of accessibility among different regions in Shenzhen. 3) According to the results ofK-means clustering analysis, the TAZ units of the city was divided into low supply low demand low accessibility zone, medium supply low demand medium accessibility zone, high supply high demand medium accessibility zone, and high supply low demand high accessibility zone. 4) The accessibility of park green space can be improved by optimizing park layout, road construction, and residential area planning and layout. By improving data source and model of the traditional accessibility calculation, this study enriches the cases of park green space accessibility evaluation, and the proposed accessibility analysis method based on mobile phone signaling can also provide a reference for the accessibility analysis of other geographic phenomenon.

Key words: park green space, accessibility, two-step floating catchment area method, mobile phone signaling data, Shenzhen City