地理科学进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (7): 1113-1126.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2021.07.004
收稿日期:
2020-09-21
修回日期:
2021-01-18
出版日期:
2021-07-28
发布日期:
2021-09-28
通讯作者:
*谢苗苗(1982— ),女,河北保定人,博士,教授,主要从事景观生态与土地利用研究。E-mail: xiemiaomiao@cugb.edu.cn作者简介:
仝德(1980— ),女,陕西西安人,博士,副教授,主要从事城市地理与土地经济研究。E-mail: tongde@pkusz.edu.cn
基金资助:
TONG De1(), SUN Yiyu1, XIE Miaomiao2,*(
)
Received:
2020-09-21
Revised:
2021-01-18
Online:
2021-07-28
Published:
2021-09-28
Supported by:
摘要:
公园绿地可达性是衡量城市宜居水平的重要指标。针对传统可达性分析多用统计数据开展评估而导致的供需尺度失衡问题,论文以深圳为例,采用公园绿地空间矢量数据和手机信令数据获取供需空间分布,采用高斯两步移动搜索法计算交通小区(TAZ)尺度公园绿地可达性,并结合可达性结果及供需、交通情况聚类,剖析可达性差异化模式及成因。主要结论如下:① 通过改进传统可达性计算数据源和高斯两步移动搜索模型,建立城市中微观尺度公园绿地可达性评价及成因研究框架,可更精确地评估优化城市公园绿地可达性;② 深圳市公园绿地综合可达性整体水平较高,但存在明显的从中心向外围递减的趋势,社区公园可达性差异与公园绿地供需不匹配是造成各区域可达性差异大的重要原因;③ 根据K均值聚类分析结果,将深圳市TAZ单元分成低供给低需求低可达性区、中供给低需求中可达性区、高供给高需求中可达性区、高供给低需求高可达性区,各类区域具有差异化的可达性内涵、特征和成因;④ 公园绿地可达性提升可针对不同分区特征,通过公园布局优化、道路建设和居住区规划布局等差异化方式实现。研究充实了城市公园绿地可达性评价案例,提出的基于手机信令数据和高斯两步移动搜索法的可达性分析方法不仅可应用于城市公园绿地布局与规划,也可为其他地理现象可达性分析提供思路参考。
仝德, 孙裔煜, 谢苗苗. 基于改进高斯两步移动搜索法的深圳市公园绿地可达性评价[J]. 地理科学进展, 2021, 40(7): 1113-1126.
TONG De, SUN Yiyu, XIE Miaomiao. Evaluation of green space accessibility based on improved Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method: A case study of Shenzhen City, China[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2021, 40(7): 1113-1126.
表1
深圳市各行政区公园绿地面积汇总
区名 | 自然公园面积/hm2 | 城市公园面积/hm2 | 社区公园面积/hm2 | 总公园面积/hm2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
大鹏新区 | 5279.69 | 125.85 | 52.53 | 5458.07 | |
罗湖区 | 1577.41 | 1086.06 | 64.13 | 2727.60 | |
盐田区 | 4533.18 | 461.04 | 30.93 | 5025.15 | |
龙岗区 | 186.28 | 2347.74 | 202.91 | 2736.93 | |
坪山区 | 4771.17 | 251.36 | 40.51 | 5063.04 | |
福田区 | 1751.55 | 788.73 | 70.44 | 2610.72 | |
南山区 | 2473.59 | 1171.90 | 74.77 | 3720.26 | |
宝安区 | 2752.27 | 729.60 | 258.86 | 3740.73 | |
光明区 | 1268.12 | 428.15 | 85.85 | 1782.12 | |
龙华区 | 1407.46 | 82.37 | 274.31 | 1764.14 | |
合计 | 26000.72 | 7472.80 | 1155.24 | 34628.76 | |
(占比) | (75.08%) | (21.58%) | (3.34%) | (100%) |
[1] | 沈青, 张岩, 张峰. 内城区的区位特征与低收入者的就业可达性[J]. 国际城市规划, 2007, 22(2):26-35. |
[ Shen Qing, Zhang Yan, Zhang Feng. Location characteristics of inner-city neighborhoods and employment accessibility of low-wage workers. Urban Planning International, 2007, 22(2):26-35. ] | |
[2] |
Van Herzele A, Wiedemann T. A monitoring tool for the provision of accessible and attractive urban green spaces[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2003, 63(2):109-126.
doi: 10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00192-5 |
[3] | 李平华, 陆玉麒. 可达性研究的回顾与展望[J]. 地理科学进展, 2005, 24(3):69-78. |
[ Li Pinghua, Lu Yuqi. Review and prospectation of accessibility research. Progress in Geography, 2005, 24(3):69-78. ] | |
[4] |
Linneker B, Spence N. Road transport infrastructure and regional economic development[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 1996, 4(2):77-92.
doi: 10.1016/0966-6923(96)00001-4 |
[5] | 胡瑞山, 董锁成, 胡浩. 就医空间可达性分析的两步移动搜索法: 以江苏省东海县为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2012, 31(12):1600-1607. |
[ Hu Ruishan, Dong Suocheng, Hu Hao. A two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method for measuring spatial accessibility to primary healthcare searvice in China: A case study of Donghai County in Jiangsu Province. Progress in Geography, 2012, 31(12):1600-1607. ] | |
[6] |
宋伟轩, 涂唐奇, 尹上岗, 等. 南京义务教育资源的社会—空间可达性差异及效应研究[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(8):2008-2026.
doi: 10.11821/dlyj020180575 |
[ Song Weixuan, Tu Tangqi, Yin Shanggang, et al. The differentiation and effects of social-spatial accessibility in compulsory education resources in Nanjing. Geographical Research, 2019, 38(8):2008-2026. ] | |
[7] |
桑丽杰, 舒永钢, 祝炜平, 等. 杭州城市休闲绿地可达性分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2013, 32(6):950-957.
doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.06.012 |
[ Sang Lijie, Shu Yonggang, Zhu Weiping, et al. Accessibility of urban green spaces in Hangzhou City. Progress in Geography, 2013, 32(6):950-957. ] | |
[8] | 卢昕. 基于用户生成数据的旅游路线规划[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2010. |
[ Lu Xin. Travel route planning based on user-generated content. Tianjin, China: Tianjin University, 2010. ] | |
[9] | 陈洁, 陆锋, 程昌秀. 可达性度量方法及应用研究进展评述[J]. 地理科学进展, 2007, 26(5):100-110. |
[ Chen Jie, Lu Feng, Cheng Changxiu. Advance in accessibility evaluation approaches and applications. Progress in Geography, 2007, 26(5):100-110. ] | |
[10] | 刘贤腾. 空间可达性研究综述[J]. 城市交通, 2007(6):36-43. |
[ Liu Xianteng. General description of spatial accessibility. Urban Transport of China, 2007(6):36-43. ] | |
[11] | 俞孔坚, 段铁武, 李迪华, 等. 景观可达性作为衡量城市绿地系统功能指标的评价方法与案例[J]. 城市规划, 1999(8):8-11. |
[ Yu Kongjian, Duan Tiewu, Li Dihua, et al. Landscape accessibility as a measurement of the function of urban green system. City Planning Review, 1999(8):8-11. ] | |
[12] |
Ingram D R. The concept of accessibility: A search for an operational form[J]. Regional Studies, 1971, 5(2):101-107.
doi: 10.1080/09595237100185131 |
[13] | Wang F H, Onega T. Accessibility of cancer care: Disparities, outcomes and mitigation[J]. Annals of GIS: Geographic Information Sciences, 2015, 21(2):119-125. |
[14] |
Kwan M P, Murray A T, O'Kelly M E, et al. Recent advances in accessibility research: Representation, methodology and applications[J]. Journal of Geographical Systems, 2003, 5(1):129-138.
doi: 10.1007/s101090300107 |
[15] | 苏泳娴, 黄光庆, 陈修治, 等. 广州市城区公园对周边环境的降温效应[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(18):4905-4918. |
[ Su Yongxian, Huang Guangqing, Chen Xiuzhi, et al. The cooling effect of Guangzhou city parks to surrounding environments. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(18):4905-4918. ] | |
[16] | 温海珍, 李旭宁, 张凌. 城市景观对住宅价格的影响: 以杭州市为例[J]. 地理研究, 2012, 31(10):1806-1814. |
[ Wen Haizhen, Li Xuning, Zhang Ling. Impacts of the urban landscape on the housing price: A case study in Hangzhou. Geographical Research, 2012, 31(10):1806-1814. ] | |
[17] |
邱婴芝, 陈宏胜, 李志刚, 等. 基于邻里效应视角的城市居民心理健康影响因素研究: 以广州市为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(2):283-295.
doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2019.02.011 |
[ Qiu Yingzhi, Chen Hongsheng, Li Zhigang, et al. Exploring neighborhood environmental effects on mental health: A case study in Guangzhou, China. Progress in Geography, 2019, 38(2):283-295. ] | |
[18] | 刘常富, 李小马, 韩东. 城市公园可达性研究: 方法与关键问题[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(19):5381-5390. |
[ Liu Changfu, Li Xiaoma, Han Dong. Accessibility analysis of urban parks: Methods and key issues. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(19):5381-5390. ] | |
[19] | 施拓, 李俊英, 李英, 等. 沈阳市城市公园绿地可达性分析[J]. 生态学杂志, 2016, 35(5):1345-1350. |
[ Shi Tuo, Li Junying, Li Ying, et al. Analysis of urban park accessibility in Shenyang City. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2016, 35(5):1345-1350. ] | |
[20] |
Moyano A, Martínez H S, Coronado J M, et al. From network to services: A comparative accessibility analysis of the Spanish high-speed rail system[J]. Transport Policy, 2018, 63:51-60.
doi: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.11.007 |
[21] | 白永平, 张文娴, 王治国. 基于POI数据的医药零售店分布特征及可达性: 以兰州市为例[J]. 陕西理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 36(1):77-83. |
[ Bai Yongping, Zhang Wenxian, Wang Zhiguo. Distribution characteristics and accessibility of pharmaceutical retail industry based on POI data: A case study of Lanzhou City. Journal of Shaanxi University of Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 36(1):77-83. ] | |
[22] | 陈永生, 黄庆丰, 章裕超, 等. 基于GIS的合肥市中心城区绿地可达性分析评价[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2015, 20(2):229-236. |
[ Chen Yongsheng, Huang Qingfeng, Zhang Yuchao, et al. GIS-based analysis and evaluation for the accessibility of urban green in the central city of Hefei. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2015, 20(2):229-236. ] | |
[23] |
Joseph A E, Bantock P R. Measuring potential physical accessibility to general practitioners in rural areas: A method and case study[J]. Social Science & Medicine, 1982, 16(1):85-90.
doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(82)90428-2 |
[24] |
李鑫, 马晓冬, 薛小同, 等. 城市绿地空间供需评价与布局优化: 以徐州中心城区为例[J]. 地理科学, 2019, 39(11):1771-1779.
doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2019.11.011 |
[ Li Xin, Ma Xiaodong, Xue Xiaotong, et al. Spatial supply-demand evaluation and layout optimization for urban green space: A case study of Xuzhou central district. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2019, 39(11):1771-1779. ] | |
[25] | Radke J, Mu L. Spatial decompositions, modeling and mapping service regions to predict access to social programs[J]. Annals of GIS: Geographic Information Sciences, 2000, 6(2):105-112. |
[26] |
Wang F H. Measurement, optimization, and impact of health care accessibility: A methodological review[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 2012, 102(5):1104-1112.
doi: 10.1080/00045608.2012.657146 |
[27] | Mao L, Nekorchuk D. Measuring spatial accessibility to healthcare for populations with multiple transportation modes[J]. Health & Place, 2013, 24:115-122. |
[28] | 岳邦佳, 林爱文, 孙铖. 基于2SFCA的武汉市低收入者公园绿地可达性分析[J]. 现代城市研究, 2017(8):99-107. |
[ Yue Bangjia, Lin Aiwen, Sun Cheng. The analysis of low-income people's park green space accessibility based on 2SFCA in Wuhan. Modern Urban Research, 2017(8):99-107. ] | |
[29] |
冯健, 钟奕纯. 基于居住环境的常州城市居民生活质量空间结构[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(6):1237-1255.
doi: 10.11821/dlxb202006011 |
[ Feng Jian, Zhong Yichun. The spatial structure of urban residents' quality of life in Changzhou based on residential environment. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(6):1237-1255. ] | |
[30] |
丁亮, 钮心毅, 宋小冬. 基于个体移动轨迹的多中心城市引力模型验证[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(2):268-285.
doi: 10.11821/dlxb202002005 |
[ Ding Liang, Niu Xinyi, Song Xiaodong. Validating gravity model in multi-centre city: A study based on individual mobile trajectory. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(2):268-285. ] | |
[31] | 宋少飞, 李玮峰, 杨东援. 基于移动通信数据的居民居住地识别方法研究[J]. 综合运输, 2015(12):72-76. |
[ Song Shaofei, Li Weifeng, Yang Dongyuan. Research on the methods of home identification based on mobile phone data. China Transportation Review, 2015(12):72-76. ] | |
[32] | 王绮, 修春亮, 魏冶, 等. 基于高斯两步移动搜索法的沈阳市就业可达性评价[J]. 人文地理, 2015, 30(2):78-82. |
[ Wang Qi, Xiu Chunliang, Wei Ye, et al. Evaluation of job accessibility of Shenyang using Gaussian based 2-step floating catchment area method. Human Geography, 2015, 30(2):78-82. ] | |
[33] |
李孟桐, 杨令宾, 魏冶. 高斯两步移动搜索法的模型研究: 以上海市绿地可达性为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2016, 35(8):990-996.
doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2016.08.008 |
[ Li Mengtong, Yang Lingbin, Wei Ye. Improved Gaussian based 2-step floating catchment area method: A case study of green space accessibility in Shanghai. Progress in Geography, 2016, 35(8):990-996. ] | |
[34] | 李平华, 陆玉麒. 城市可达性研究的理论与方法评述[J]. 城市问题, 2005(1):69-74. |
[ Li Pinghua, Lu Yuqi. Metropolitan accessibility: Literature review and research progress in the West. Urban Problems, 2005(1):69-74. ] | |
[35] |
宋正娜, 陈雯, 张桂香, 等. 公共服务设施空间可达性及其度量方法[J]. 地理科学进展, 2010, 29(10):1217-1224.
doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2010.10.009 |
[ Song Zhengna, Chen Wen, Zhang Guixiang, et al. Spatial accessibility to public service facilities and its measurement approaches. Progress in Geography, 2010, 29(10):1217-1224. ] | |
[36] | 孙吉贵, 刘杰, 赵连宇. 聚类算法研究[J]. 软件学报, 2008(1):48-61. |
[ Sun Jigui, Liu Jie, Zhao Lianyu. Clustering algorithms research. Journal of Software, 2008(1):48-61. ] | |
[37] | 韩晓红, 胡彧. K-means聚类算法的研究[J]. 太原理工大学学报, 2009(3):236-239. |
[ Han Xiaohong, Hu Yu. Research of K-means algorithm. Journal of Taiyuan university of Technology, 2009(3):236-239. ] | |
[38] | 深圳市统计局. 深圳市公园名录 [EB/OL]. 2018- 06- 17[2020-08-07]. http://tjj.sz.gov.cn/tjsj. |
[Bureau of Statistics of Shenzhen. List of Shenzhen parks. 2018- 06- 17[2020-08-07]. http://tjj.sz.gov.cn/tjsj.] | |
[39] | 王德, 王灿, 谢栋灿, 等. 基于手机信令数据的上海市不同等级商业中心商圈的比较: 以南京东路、五角场、鞍山路为例[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2015(3):50-60. |
[ Wang De, Wang Can, Xie Dongcan, et al. Comparison of retail trade areas of retail centers with different hierarchical levels: A case study of East Nanjing Road, Wujiaochang, Anshan Road in Shanghai. Urban Planning Forum, 2015(3):50-60. ] | |
[40] | Xu Y X, Zhou R, Dai L D, et al. Spatial differences and the impacts of the separation between jobs and residential locations: Evidence from household survey data in Luohe City[J]. Urban Development Studies, 2014, 21(12):52-58. |
[41] | 杨滨毓. 基于多源数据的交通小区划分方法研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2020. |
[ Yang Binyu. Research on traffic analysis zones divition method based on multi-source data. Harbin, China: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2020. ] | |
[42] | 仝德, 高静, 龚咏喜. 城中村对深圳市职住空间融合的影响: 基于手机信令数据的研究[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 56(6):1091-1101. |
[ Tong De, Gao Jing, Gong Yongxi. Impact of urban village on job-housing balance in Shenzhen: A study using mobile phone signaling data. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2020, 56(6):1091-1101. ] | |
[43] | 马亮, 周军. 深圳市居民出行结构演变特征分析及政策启示 [C]// 中国城市规划学会城市交通规划学术委员会. 2019年中国城市交通规划年会论文集. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2019. |
[ Ma Liang, Zhou Jun. Analysis on the evolution characteristics of Shenzhen residents' travel structure and policy implications // Academic Committee on Urban Transport Planning of China Urban Planning Society. China annual conference on urban transport planning. Beijing, China: China Architecture Building Press, 2019. ] | |
[44] | 深圳市统计局. 深圳市统计年鉴: 2018 [DB/OL]. 2018- 08- 01 [2020-08-07]. http://tjj.sz.gov.cn/nj2018/. |
[Bureau of Statistics of Shenzhen. Shenzhen statistical yearbook: 2018. 2018- 08- 01 [2020-08-07]. http://tjj.sz.gov.cn/nj2018/.] | |
[45] | 深圳市人民政府. 深圳市人民政府关于印发人口与社会事业发展“十三五”规划的通知 [EB/OL]. 2017- 01- 11 [2020-08-07]. http://www.sz.gov.cn/zfgb/2017/gb987/content/post_5001720.html. |
[Shenzhen Municipal People's Government. Notice of the Shenzhen municipal people's government on the issuance of the 13th five-year Plan for the development of population and social undertaking. 2017- 01- 11 [2020-08-07]. http://www.sz.gov.cn/zfgb/2017/gb987/content/post_5001720.html ] | |
[46] |
魏冶, 修春亮, 高瑞, 等. 基于高斯两步移动搜索法的沈阳市绿地可达性评价[J]. 地理科学进展, 2014, 33(4):479-487.
doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.04.005 |
[ Wei Ye, Xiu Chunliang, Gao Rui, et al. Evaluation of green space accessibility of Shenyang using Gaussian based 2-step floating catchment area method. Progress in Geography, 2014, 33(4):479-487. ] |
[1] | 李博闻, 黄正东, 蒯希, 于溪. 基于空间公平理论的公共交通服务评价——以深圳市为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2021, 40(6): 958-966. |
[2] | 任家怿, 王云. 基于改进两步移动搜索法的上海市黄浦区公园绿地空间可达性分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2021, 40(5): 774-783. |
[3] | 赵鹏军, 罗佳, 胡昊宇. 基于大数据的生活圈范围与服务设施空间匹配研究——以北京为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2021, 40(4): 541-553. |
[4] | 龚咏喜, 段婧赫, 王嘉琪, 肖作鹏. 新兴城市类单位社区生活圈的建构路径与特征差异——以深圳为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2021, 40(4): 554-564. |
[5] | 傅英姿, 王德. 上海市典型住宅区生活空间结构模式研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2021, 40(4): 565-579. |
[6] | 王德, 谢栋灿, 王灿, 殷振轩. 个体时空行为的规律性与可预测性研究——以上海市居民工作日活动为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2021, 40(3): 433-440. |
[7] | 谢铖, 黄波, 刘晓倩, 周涛, 王宇. 基于手机定位数据的深圳市热浪人口暴露度分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(2): 231-242. |
[8] | 吕敏娟, 曹小曙. 1980—2016年黄土高原地区人口和可达性异速标度分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(11): 1884-1897. |
[9] | 张纯, 程志华, 于晓萍, 王亚群, 沈忱. 乌鲁木齐公共交通基础设施对低收入群体就业的影响研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(1): 111-119. |
[10] | 初楠臣, 张平宇, 李鹤. 高速铁路情景下的俄罗斯远东铁路可达性及其空间效应研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(7): 988-997. |
[11] | 湛东升, 张文忠, 谌丽, 虞晓芬, 党云晓. 城市公共服务设施配置研究进展及趋向[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(4): 506-519. |
[12] | 阴姣姣, 王晓芳, 贾垚焱, 李春明, 王娟. 旅游扶贫重点村空间可达性分布特征及影响因素研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(12): 1865-1876. |
[13] | 申犁帆, 张纯, 李赫, 王烨. 大城市通勤方式与职住失衡的相互关系[J]. 地理科学进展, 2018, 37(9): 1277-1290. |
[14] | 孟德友, 李小建. 中国省会城市高铁费用可达性及居民消费格局[J]. 地理科学进展, 2018, 37(8): 1055-1065. |
[15] | 孙铁山, 范颖玲, 齐云蕾. 北京公交就业可达性及其地区和人群差异[J]. 地理科学进展, 2018, 37(8): 1066-1074. |
|