地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 1047-1059.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.06.014

• 专辑 | 乡村振兴 • 上一篇    下一篇

旅游驱动下乡村转型发展的微尺度研究——以西安市上王村为例

吴孔森1, 芮旸1,*(), 陈佳1, 张丽琼2, 杨新军1, 张佰刚1   

  1. 1. 西北大学城市与环境学院,西安 710127
    2. 西北大学图书馆,西安 710127
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-09 修回日期:2019-10-25 出版日期:2020-06-28 发布日期:2020-08-28
  • 通讯作者: 芮旸
  • 作者简介:吴孔森(1992— ),男,河南商城人,博士生,主要从事乡村人地关系与区域可持续发展研究。E-mail: kongsenwu@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41601174);教育部人文社科基金项目(19YJCZH06);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2018JM5109)

Micro-scale study on rural transformation and development driven by tourism:Taking Shangwang Village in Xi’an City as an example

WU Kongsen1, RUI Yang1,*(), CHEN Jia1, ZHANG Liqiong2, YANG Xinjun1, ZHANG Baigang1   

  1. 1. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
    2. The Library of Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
  • Received:2019-07-09 Revised:2019-10-25 Online:2020-06-28 Published:2020-08-28
  • Contact: RUI Yang
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(41601174);MOE Project of Humanities and Social Sciences(19YJCZH06);Natural Science Basic Research Project of Shaanxi Province(2018JM5109)

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摘要：

基于多要素综合视角,论文从土地与生计2个维度构建微观尺度的乡村地域系统概念模型;融合遥感影像数据、问卷调查数据及访谈资料等多源数据,以西安市上王村为例,探究“城郊村”在旅游驱动下的土地利用和农户生计转型,并对其与“景边村”的转型发展进行案例较析。结果表明:① 伴随乡村旅游发展的规模化和专业化,上王村的土地利用日益多样化、复合化、旅游化,农户生计方式组合渐进更替,家庭就业、收入、消费与旅游的相关性不断提高,由传统农业村转型为乡村旅游目的地。② 上王村的转型发展是内外部因素综合作用的结果,优越的区位条件是其前提和基础,政府的适时调控是“稳定器”和“方向盘”,乡村旅游客源市场的壮大和农户的理性选择是外源拉动力和内在驱动力。③ “城郊村”和“景边村”因区位不同而在地形条件、依托资源、客源市场等方面存在差异,引致两者乡村旅游开发的分化,同时深刻影响了各自的转型发展进程。

关键词: 乡村旅游, 乡村转型发展, 土地利用, 生计变迁, 西安市上王村

Abstract:

Based on a multi-factor comprehensive perspective, a conceptual model of micro-scale rural regional system was constructed with land use and livelihood dimensions. Taking Shangwang Village in Xi'an City as an example, and using remote sensing images, survey questionnaires, and interview data, this study explored the transformation of land use and the livelihood change of farmers in a "suburban village". On this basis, four "scenery-surrounding villages" with different location characteristics and development types were compared and analyzed, and the following conclusions were obtained: 1) With the scaling-up and specialization of rural tourism development, the land use of Shangwang Village has gradually become diversified, compounded, and tourism-focused. The combination of farmers' livelihood strategies begin to change, and the correlation between employment, income, consumption, and tourism continues to increase. Shangwang Village has been transformed from a traditional agricultural village to a destination for rural tourism. 2) The transformation and development of Shangwang Village is the result of the comprehensive effect of internal and external factors. Its superior location is the basis of the transformation and development, and the timely intervention and regulation of the government is an important support. The development of the tourist market of rural tourism is its external driving force, and the rational choice of farmers is its internal driving force. 3) The differences between the "suburban village" and the "scenery-surrounding villages" in terms of terrain condition, resources endowment, and tourist market due to their different locations have led to the differentiation of the rural tourism development and have affected their transformation and development processes.

Key words: rural tourism, rural transformation and development, land use, livelihood change, Shangwang Village in Xi'an City