知行分离视角下郑州市居民低碳行为影响因素研究

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.02.008

地理科学进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 265-275.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.02.008

知行分离视角下郑州市居民低碳行为影响因素研究

张晶飞^1,², 张丽君^1,^2,^*(), 秦耀辰^1,², 王霞^1,², 孙莹莹^1,², 荣培君³

^1. 黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室,河南开封 475004
^2. 河南大学环境与规划学院,河南开封 475004
^3. 河南财经大学旅游与会展学院,郑州 450052

收稿日期:2019-03-08 修回日期:2019-05-05 出版日期:2020-02-28 发布日期:2020-04-28
通讯作者: 张丽君
作者简介:张晶飞(1993— ),女,河南驻马店人,硕士生,主要从事居民低碳行为与可持续发展研究。E-mail:18211719372@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41671536);国家自然科学基金项目(41501588);2017年度河南省高等学校重点科研项目(17A170006);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2017M622333)

Influencing factors of low-carbon behaviors of residents in Zhengzhou City from the perspective of cognition-behavior gaps

ZHANG Jingfei^1,², ZHANG Lijun^1,^2,^*(), QIN Yaochen^1,², WANG Xia^1,², SUN Yingying^1,², RONG Peijun³

^1. Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
^2. College of Environment and Planning, Hennan University, Kaifeng 475004, Hennan, China
^3. College of Tourism and Exhibition, Henan University of Economics and Law, Zhengzhou 450052, China

Received:2019-03-08 Revised:2019-05-05 Online:2020-02-28 Published:2020-04-28
Contact: ZHANG Lijun
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41671536);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41501588);Key Scientific Research Projects of Institutions of Higher Learning in Henan Province in 2017(17A170006);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017M622333)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

居民低碳行为-认知研究受到学者们的广泛关注,而行为-认知分离却是困扰低碳城市建设和居民生活方式转变的关键问题。论文构建“空间-行为/认知”分析框架,采用2018年郑州市大规模实地调查和遥感影像数据,运用专家打分法从居家用能、日常出行与生活消费3个方面测算1485户家庭的低碳行为、认知水平,使用彩色编码法从行为-认知偏差视角将低碳行为分为绿色型、被迫型、易感型、红色型,使用多元Logistic回归模型分析不同低碳行为的影响因素。研究发现：① 郑州市居民低碳行为存在行为-认知偏差,4种低碳行为所占比例差异较大;② 绿色型低碳行为主要集聚在土地利用混合度高、基础设施便利的区域,被迫型、易感型、红色型低碳行为在空间上呈随机分布;③ 4种低碳行为影响因素差异较大。居住区步行指数较高、低碳认知水平高的居民趋于绿色型低碳行为,居民低碳行为与低碳认知水平均较高;居住区住房条件相对较差、居民学历水平低,居民趋于被迫型低碳行为,低碳认知水平低但低碳行为水平较高;高档住宅居民趋于易感型低碳行为,居民的低碳认知水平高但低碳行为水平较低;经济水平高的年轻居民趋于红色型低碳行为,低碳行为和低碳认知水平均较低。

关键词: 低碳行为, 建成环境, 行为-认知偏差, 多元Logistic回归, 郑州市

Abstract:

Residents' low-carbon behavior-cognition relationship has been widely concerned by scholars since cognition-behavior separation is a key factor that hinders the construction of low-carbon cities and the transformation of residents' lifestyle. This study constructed a spatial-behavioral/cognitive analysis framework and used large-scale field survey and remote sensing data of Zhengzhou City in 2018, as well as expert scoring method to estimate the low-carbon behavior level and low-carbon cognition level of 1485 families based on their daily travel and consumption of household energy. The color coding method was used to classify their behaviors into the green type, the forced type, the susceptible type, and the red type based on cognition-behavior gaps, and the multiple Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of different low-carbon behaviors. The research findings show that: 1) There are large cognition-behavior gaps in low-carbon behaviors of residents in Zhengzhou City, and the proportions of the four low-carbon behaviors vary greatly. 2) Green low-carbon behaviors are mainly concentrated in areas with highly mixed land use and convenient infrastructure, and forced low-carbon behaviors, susceptible low-carbon behaviors, and red low-carbon behaviors are randomly distributed in space. 3) The influencing factors of the four types of low-carbon behaviors are very different. Residents living in areas with a high walking index score and a high level of low-carbon cognition tend to exhibit green low-carbon behaviors, and have a high level of low-carbon behavior and low-carbon cognition. In areas where housing conditions are relatively poor and residents have low levels of education, the residents tend to exhibit forced low-carbon behaviors, their low-carbon cognition level is low but low-carbon behavior level is high. Residents of high-end residential buildings tend to show susceptible low-carbon behaviors, they have a high level of low-carbon cognition but a low level of low-carbon behaviors. Young residents with high economic status tend to exhibit red low-carbon behaviors and have a low level of low-carbon behavior and low-carbon cognition.

Key words: low-carbon behavior, built environment, behavior-cognition gap, multinomial Logistic regression, Zhengzhou City

张晶飞, 张丽君, 秦耀辰, 王霞, 孙莹莹, 荣培君. 知行分离视角下郑州市居民低碳行为影响因素研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(2): 265-275.

ZHANG Jingfei, ZHANG Lijun, QIN Yaochen, WANG Xia, SUN Yingying, RONG Peijun. Influencing factors of low-carbon behaviors of residents in Zhengzhou City from the perspective of cognition-behavior gaps[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 39(2): 265-275.

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变量	变量设定与说明
性别特征	男(49.7%)、女(50.3%)
婚姻状况	未婚(21.8%)、已婚(75.6%)、离异或丧偶(2.6%)
职业状况	行政人员(16.5%)、工薪阶层(62.0%)、无业或学生(21.5%)
学历结构	初中及初中以下(5.0%)、高中或中专(21.6%)、本科或大专(61.8%)、本科以上(11.6%)
年龄特征	≤20岁(24.3%)、20~35岁(52.8%)、35~50岁(19.5%)、50岁以上(3.4%)
收入结构	≤6000元/月(20.3%)、6000~12000元/月(36.8%)、12000~20000元/月(31.2%)、>20000元/月(11.8%)

出行频率	权重k	出行距离	交通方式	碳排放/(g/km)	赋值a
每月1次、每年1次、每年2次、每年3次及以上	1	0~X_i	步行、自行车	0	9
每月3次及以上、每月2次	7/9	X_i~1.5X_i	电动车、摩托车	8	7
每周1次、每周2次	5/9	1.5X_i~2X_i	地铁、其他	9.1	5
每天1次、每周3次及以上	3/9	2X_i~3X_i	公交车、单位班车、商场巴士	35	3
每天2次、每天3次及以上	1/9	≥3X_i	小汽车、出租车	135	1

问卷结果	消费类别	碳排放强度/(t/万元)	特尔菲法	得分	赋值
随手关灯,用完电脑/视后及时关机	电	10.6052	1	10.605	9
设定合适的空调温度(冬季≤20 ℃,夏季≥26 ℃)	电	10.6052	0.7	7.4236	7
使用太阳能热水器	电	10.6052	1	10.605	9
节约用水,一水多用	水	7.0528	1	7.0528	7
少用一次性用具	就餐、衣着	1.6807	0.7	1.1765	5
购物时自带采购袋	食品、衣着	1.7037	0.7	1.1926	5
避免无用购物,节俭生活	食品、衣着、家电	1.8985	0.7	1.3290	5
住房改用双层玻璃	家电	2.2883	0.3	0.6865	1
换、捐赠、改造多余废旧品	食品、家电、衣着	1.8985	0.5	0.9493	3
将生活废弃物分类处理	食品、家电、衣着	1.8985	0.5	0.9493	3

属性	指标	解释变量	模型1 绿色型	模型2 被迫型	模型3 易感型	属性	指标	解释变量	模型1 绿色型	模型2 被迫型	模型3 易感型
	常量		-2.332^**	-7.015^***	-1.583^*		住房	小	-0.684^**	-0.095	-0.213
社	年龄	青年	-0.454^**	-0.789^***	-0.328^**		面积	中	-0.531^**	-0.800^**	-0.399^**
会		老年	0^b	0^b	0^b			大	0^b	0^b	0^b
经	职业	行政人员	-0.087	-0.035	-0.145	建	建造	2010年后	0.132	0.418	0.033
济		工薪阶层	0.311	0.612^*	0.036	成	年代	2000—2010年	-0.201	1.073^*	-0.046
属		无业	0^b	0^b	0^b	环		2000年前	0^b	0^b	0^b
性	月收	低	0.211	1.030^**	0.788^***	境	住房	普通	-0.164	-0.166	-0.347^*
	入	中	0.524^**	0.988^***	0.539^***		类型	高档	0^b	0^b	0^b
		高	0^b	0^b	0^b		步行	高	0.260^*	0.012	0.187
	学历	高中以下	0.024	0.971^*	-0.040		指数	低	0^b	0^b	0^b
		高中或大专	0.088	0.216	0.067	低	低碳	高	2.365^***	0.584	2.107^***
		本科及以上	0^b	0^b	0^b	碳	行为	较高	1.522^**	0.540	1.886^***
	私家	无	1.331^***	1.604^***	1.465^***	认	意向	较低	2.109^***	0.492	2.110^***
	车	1辆	0.674^**	0.226	0.944^***	知		低	0^b	0^b	0^b
		多辆	0^b	0^b	0^b		认知	低	-0.123	-0.435	-0.307
	自行	无	-1.206^***	-0.115	-0.697^***		水平	中等	-0.510^**	-0.548	-0.469^**
	车	1辆	-0.458^*	0.325	-0.281			高	0^b	0^b	0^b
		多辆	0^b	0^b	0^b		认知	差	0.249	0.801^**	-0.096
							环境	好	0^b	0^b	0^b

知行分离视角下郑州市居民低碳行为影响因素研究

Influencing factors of low-carbon behaviors of residents in Zhengzhou City from the perspective of cognition-behavior gaps

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