地理科学进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (7): 1103-1110.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2019.07.014
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2018-12-12
修回日期:
2019-03-01
出版日期:
2019-07-28
发布日期:
2019-07-28
通讯作者:
柴彦威
作者简介:
李春江(1995— ),男,广西南宁人,硕士生,主要从事城市社会地理、环境污染与健康研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Chunjiang LI1(), Jing MA2, Yanwei CHAI1,*(
), Mei-Po KWAN3
Received:
2018-12-12
Revised:
2019-03-01
Online:
2019-07-28
Published:
2019-07-28
Contact:
Yanwei CHAI
Supported by:
摘要:
心理健康作为当代城市居民面临的主要问题之一,已有研究证实居住区建成环境和社会环境对心理健康的影响。然而,此类研究主要聚焦于西方发达国家,而且对于噪音污染因素考虑不足,未能同时研究居住区环境和噪音污染对居民心理健康的影响。论文基于2017年北京市26个居住区居民的健康问卷调查数据,采用多层Logistic模型,探讨居住区环境(包括建成环境及社会环境)与居民感知的多种来源的噪音污染(包括道路交通噪音、轨道交通噪音、商店餐饮噪音和住房装修噪音)等多种因素与居民心理健康的相关关系。研究发现,居住区环境和噪音污染水平均与居民心理健康显著相关。与西方发达国家居住区环境与心理健康关系的研究类似,论文发现居住区医疗设施和休闲娱乐设施可达性、居民邻里关系、居住区满意度等因素与心理健康显著相关;不同的是,论文发现公园可达性、居住区交通噪音等因素与心理健康相关性不显著。此外,本文发现住房装修噪音是影响北京居民心理健康的主要噪音来源。
李春江, 马静, 柴彦威, 关美宝. 居住区环境与噪音污染对居民心理健康的影响——以北京为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(7): 1103-1110.
Chunjiang LI, Jing MA, Yanwei CHAI, Mei-Po KWAN. Influence of neighborhood environment and noise pollution on residents’ mental health in Beijing[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2019, 38(7): 1103-1110.
表1
样本社会经济属性和社会环境评价分布 (n=1122)"
变量 | 取值说明 | 均值 |
---|---|---|
性别 | 0=女性,1=男性 | 0.50 |
年龄 | 连续变量 | 45.67 |
家庭月收入(元) | 连续变量 | 12167 |
教育程度 | ||
小学及初中 | 0=否,1=是 | 0.17 |
高中或中专 | 0=否,1=是 | 0.30 |
本科及以上 | 0=否,1=是 | 0.53 |
就业状况 | 0=无工作,1=有工作 | 0.61 |
婚姻状况 | 0=非婚姻状态,1=已婚 | 0.85 |
户口状况 | 0=外来人口,1=本地人口 | 0.72 |
房屋产权 | 0=未持有产权,1=持有产权 | 0.74 |
感知居住区很安全 | 1=完全不符合,2=比较不符合,3=一般,4=比较符合,5=完全符合 | 3.77 |
感知居住区邻居之间相互信赖程度 | 1=完全不符合,2=比较不符合,3=一般,4=比较符合,5=完全符合 | 3.56 |
经常见面打招呼的邻居人数 | 连续变量 | 17 |
居住区满意度 | 1=非常不满意,2=比较不满意,3=一般,4=比较满意,5=非常满意 | 3.80 |
表2
多层Logistic回归结果"
变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
个人及家庭社会经济属性 | ||||
性别(以女性为参照) | 0.164 | 0.154 | 0.173 | 0.155 |
年龄 | -0.343*** | -0.338** | -0.372*** | -0.353*** |
家庭月收入 | 0.201** | 0.205** | 0.199** | 0.226** |
教育程度(以大学及以上为参照) | ||||
小学及初中 | -0.395 | -0.441* | -0.475* | -0.445 |
高中或中专 | -0.296 | -0.330 | -0.339 | -0.340 |
就业状况(以未就业为参照) | -0.005 | 0.002 | -0.030 | -0.019 |
婚姻状况(以未结婚为参照) | 0.507** | 0.500* | 0.514** | 0.499* |
户口状况(以外来人口为参照) | 0.105 | 0.111 | 0.080 | 0.028 |
房屋产权(以未持有产权为参照) | -1.023*** | -1.018*** | -1.069*** | -1.028*** |
建成环境 | ||||
到最近主干道距离 | 0.158 | 0.158 | 0.204* | |
到最近医疗设施距离 | -0.231** | -0.227** | -0.256** | |
到最近公园距离 | -0.100 | -0.109 | -0.113 | |
到最近体育休闲娱乐设施距离 | -0.197* | -0.185* | -0.167 | |
社会环境 | ||||
感知居住区安全程度 | 0.021 | 0.034 | ||
感知居住区邻居相互信赖程度 | -0.071 | -0.105 | ||
经常见面打招呼的邻居人数 | 0.209* | 0.197* | ||
居住区满意度 | 0.349*** | 0.295*** | ||
噪音污染 | ||||
道路交通噪音 | 0.052 | |||
轨道交通噪音 | -0.130 | |||
商店餐饮噪音 | 0.053 | |||
房屋装修噪音 | -0.242*** | |||
居住区层变异 | 0.233 | 0.116 | 0.072 | 0.114 |
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