基于生态系统的适应(EBA)——概念、工具和案例

doi:10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.07.008

地理科学进展 ›› 2014, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 931-937.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.07.008

基于生态系统的适应(EBA)——概念、工具和案例

李晓炜¹(), 付超², 刘健², 刘宇³, 封志明¹, 于秀波³()

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所自然资源与环境安全研究部,北京 100101
2. 联合国环境署国际生态系统管理伙伴计划,北京 100101
3. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,北京 100101

出版日期:2014-07-25 发布日期:2014-07-25
作者简介:
作者简介:李晓炜(1983-),女,山东德州人,博士,在站博士后,主要研究方向为生态系统及其服务评价与管理,E-mail:lixw0829@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31161140355);全球环境基金(GEF)项目(4934)

Ecosystem-based adaptation: concept, tools and lessons learned from case studies

Xiaowei LI¹(), Chao FU², Jian LIU², Yu LIU³, Zhiming FENG¹, Xiubo YU³()

1. Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Security, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
2. UNEP-International Ecosystem Management Partnership(UNEP-IEMP), Beijing 100101, China
3. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling of CAS, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;

Online:2014-07-25 Published:2014-07-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物多样性公约将基于生态系统的适应(Ecosystem-Based Adaptation)(简称EBA)定义为:在总体适应战略中,利用生物多样性和生态系统服务,帮助人类适应气候变化的不利影响。随着气候变化对当今社会可持续性的影响不断增加,EBA正在成为国际社会适应气候变化的政策和行动支柱之一。介绍国际上EBA概念的历史由来、相关定义与特点进行,阐述了EBA的应用原则和相关分析工具,简要分析总结了国际上实施EBA项目取得的经验教训。

关键词: 基于生态系统的适应, 气候变化, 生态系统脆弱性, 生态系统管理

Abstract:

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) defines Ecosystem-Based Adaptation (EBA) as "the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services as part of an overall adaptation strategy to help people to adapt to the adverse effects of climate change". Climate change is happening at an unprecedented rate and impacting a large number of people globally. The need for adaptation efforts has never been so urgent. In particular, ecosystem-based adaptation approaches have proved to provide flexible, cost effective and broadly applicable alternatives for reducing the impacts of climate change, and as such are a critical tool at the disposal of adaptation planners for tackling the threats that climate change poses to people's lives and livelihoods across the globe. In this paper, the evolution of the EBA concept is presented; EBA definition, advantages and principles are summarized; EBA tools and methods are introduced; and lessons learned from EBA case studies are explored. Furthermore, challenges of EBA are discussed.

Key words: ecosystem-based adaptation, climate change, ecosystem vulnerability, ecosystem management

中图分类号:

X826

李晓炜, 付超, 刘健, 刘宇, 封志明, 于秀波. 基于生态系统的适应(EBA)——概念、工具和案例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2014, 33(7): 931-937.

Xiaowei LI, Chao FU, Jian LIU, Yu LIU, Zhiming FENG, Xiubo YU. Ecosystem-based adaptation: concept, tools and lessons learned from case studies[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2014, 33(7): 931-937.

图/表 1

参考文献 32

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EBA	效益
恢复破碎化或退化的自然区域	增强关键的生态系统服务,例如水供给、食品及水产品供给等
保护地下水补给区域、恢复泛洪平原	保护水资源以确保整个社区可以应对干旱和洪水
促进例如森林、草地、礁体等栖息地的连通	气候变化情况下,使人类和生物多样性得以更容易迁入更适宜的栖息地
保护或恢复自然基础设施,如海堤、红树林、珊瑚礁和森林等	保护人类社区免受自然灾害、侵蚀、及洪水等的侵害

基于生态系统的适应(EBA)——概念、工具和案例

Ecosystem-based adaptation: concept, tools and lessons learned from case studies

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