地理科学进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (11): 1555-1566.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2018.11.011

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市外资研发机构的空间演化及区位因素

何舜辉1,2(), 杜德斌1,2,*(), 王俊松1,2   

  1. 1. 华东师范大学全球创新与发展研究院,上海 200062
    2. 华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院,上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-07 修回日期:2018-09-17 出版日期:2018-11-28 发布日期:2018-11-28
  • 通讯作者: 杜德斌
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:何舜辉(1988-),男,福建漳州人,博士生,主研究方向为区域经济与创新发展研究,E-mail: shhe126@126.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41471108)

Spatial pattern evolution and location selection of foreign-affiliated research and development institutions in Shanghai

Shunhui HE1,2(), Debin DU1,2,*(), Junsong WANG1,2   

  1. 1. Institute for Global Innovation and Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
    2. School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2017-11-07 Revised:2018-09-17 Online:2018-11-28 Published:2018-11-28
  • Contact: Debin DU
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41471108

摘要:

在总结上海外资研发机构发展历程的基础上,探讨其空间布局演化规律及区位因素,可为城市空间规划与研发产业布局提供借鉴。结果表明:①全域分散化趋势明显:距中心城区10~20 km范围的近郊区是外资研发机构分布的峰值圈层,随着时间推移,分布点向外围圈层扩散,中心城区集聚的倾向不显著。同时基于街道和区县统计的空间差异性逐渐缩小,空间分布趋于分散化。②局域聚焦特征显著:在不同方位形成少数不同等级的集聚区,即“张江—金桥—外高桥”东部集聚区、以漕河泾为主的中部集聚区、“紫竹—莘庄—闵行开发区—松江工业区”西南集聚区、“安亭—嘉定工业区”西北集聚区。从时序上看,这种多极引领的簇群式空间组织模式相对稳定,其中张江、漕河泾和紫竹园区的主导地位进一步强化。同时集聚区交通指向性明显,依托主干道与地铁交通网形成互动联结。③计量回归结果表明,传统区位因素(地租成本、交通通达性、资源要素)、集聚因素和制度因素对外资研发机构区位决策具有正向影响,且在不同发展阶段,对不同规模机构影响有所差异。归结起来,上海外资研发机构的空间演变机制亦是政府引导下的市场作用机制。

关键词: 外资研发机构, 集聚, 郊区化, 区位决策, 上海

Abstract:

Using the location data of foreign-affiliated research and development (R&D) institutions in the metropolitan area of the city of shanghai, this study examined the spatial and temporal distribution and influencing factors of these institutions. Since the 1980s, foreign-affiliated R&D institutions in Shanghai have developed rapidly and three stages of development can be identified: the tentative period (1983-2000), the rapid expansion period (2001-2008), and the steady increasing period (2009-2016). Along with the increase in the number of institutions, the spatial layout showed the following characteristics: (1) A global decentralization trend was clear. The R&D institutions were concentrated in the near suburbs 10-20 km from the central city district. They eventually spread to outer suburban districts, which decreased the tendency toward the central city area. The statistical results show a gradually shrinking difference of the spatial heterogeneity between neighborhood-level units and county/district-level units. (2) Local area agglomeration characteristics were also clear. Several clusters of agglomeration are found in different districts in the suburb and outer suburb areas, namely the "Zhangjiang-Jinqiao-Waigaoqiao" eastern agglomeration area, the central agglomeration area dominated by Caohejing, the "Zizhu-Xinzhuang-Minhang Development Zone-Songjiang Industrial Zone" southwestern agglomeration area, and the "Anting-Jiading Industrial Zone" northwestern agglomeration area. During the study period, the multi-polar cluster distribution pattern was relatively stable, and the dominant positions of Zhangjiang, Caohejing, and the Zizhu Park have been further strengthened. The high concentration areas are connected by the main road and subway transportation network, which shows an obvious reliance on transportation. (3) The results of regression show that traditional location factors (rent costs, traffic accessibility, and resources), agglomeration factors, and institutional factors have strong impact on the location decision of foreign-affiliated R&D institutions, but the degree of influence also depends on their stage of development and size of the institutions. To sum up, the spatial evolution of foreign R & D institutions in Shanghai was resulted in market driving and administrative intervention mechanism.

Key words: foreign-affiliated R&D institution, agglomeration, suburbanization, location decision, Shanghai