基于地理格网分级法提取的中国传统村落空间分布

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2016.11.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国传统村落真实地记录了建筑、民俗民风和较原始的民居空间形态,是千百年来人类与自然和谐共存的生活基础。随着城市化进程加快,传统村落的存续受到了很大的挑战,为了更好地保护利用传统村落,对其进行多视角的研究尤为重要,除了微观层面的具体保护措施外,还应加强宏观层面的空间分布研究。地理格网是表达复杂地理现象、综合分析自然与人文数据、模拟地理系统功能与行为的基本方法。本文从百度影像地图提取村落坐标,并截取遥感影像作为村落点数据的判断补充,在此基础上,运用地理格网的分级法,对国家公布的三批中国传统村落(2555个)数据进行空间格局分析,结果表明：这些村落主要分布在中国东南部,如落在一级格网Ⅰ18、Ⅰ19就分别有586、781个村落,占三批传统村落总数的96.6%。通过对二级和三级格网的村落分布离散性进行分析,使传统村落的空间分布数据结构更加系统和清晰有序,为合理构建其数据库提供了框架基础。

关键词: 地理格网, 分级法, 传统村落, 空间分布, 中国

Abstract:

Chinese traditional villages provide the environment where humans live in harmony with nature for thousands of years. They record traditional architectural, folk custom, and residential forms. With the accelerating process of urbanization, the very existence and sustainable development of traditional villages have faced great challenges. To facilitate better protection and utilization of traditional villages, it is particularly important to study them through multiple perspectives. In addition to specific protection measures at the micro-level, we should also strengthen the study of traditional village spatial distribution at the macro-level. Geographic grid is a basic method to express complex geographic phenomena, analyze natural and social data, and simulate the function and behavior of geographic systems. This study extracted the coordinates of villages from Baidu map and remote sensing images for the village location point data. Combined with geographic grid classification method, it analyzed the spatial distribution patterns of the three published batches of traditional villages (total 2555), and found that these villages are mainly distributed in southeastern China: 586 and 781 villages were found in the first-level grids 18 and 19, accounting for 96.6% of these traditional villages. By analyzing the discreteness of village distribution in the second-level and third-level grids, structure of the spatial distribution of these villages became clearer, and this provides the framework and foundation for constructing a traditional village database.

Key words: geographic grid, classification method, traditional village, spatial distribution, China

余亮, 孟晓丽. 基于地理格网分级法提取的中国传统村落空间分布[J]. 地理科学进展, 2016, 35(11): 1388-1396.

Liang YU, Xiaoli MENG. Extracting spatial distribution patterns of the traditional villages based on geographical grid classification method[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2016, 35(11): 1388-1396.

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	上级坐标代替的村落	直接查到坐标的村落	取几何中心获取坐标的村落
第一批/个	134	464	48
第二批/个	332	519	64
第三批/个	177	799	18

格子编号	S_x	S_y
Ⅱ47	1.21	1.41
Ⅱ48	1.90	1.04
Ⅱ57	0.84	1.38
Ⅱ58	1.74	0.93