居住小区容积率空间差异——以大连市为例

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2015.06.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以土地利用中居住小区及房屋调查数据为基础、居住小区为基本研究单元,通过GIS技术和泰尔指数模型,对大连市居住小区容积率空间差异进行实证研究。先应用GIS技术对居住小区容积率进行计算,其次将居住小区容积率划分为7个等级并对居住小区进行容积率分级,应用GIS软件生成空间分布图和等值线图,然后应用泰尔指数计算居住小区容积率空间差异测度指数,最后分析其形成原因。结果表明：①大连市居住小区容积率呈不同等级整体破碎、相同等级小范围集聚、邻近等级穿插结合的空间分布特征。②大连市居住小区容积率整体分异测度指数不高,极低和极高容积率等级的居住小区差异测度最大;全市四大区域中,中山区差异测度最大,甘井子区差异测度最小,四大区域的内部差异测度远远大于各区域之间的差异测度,是大连市居住小区容积率空间差异的显著特点。③居住小区容积率空间差异的主要原因是城市不同区位和房屋属性所形成的住宅类型指向、城市空间地貌对居住小区建设的制约、城市居住用地规划标准的宏观导向、城市地价对容积率的作用。

关键词: 容积率, 空间差异, 居住小区, 泰尔指数, 大连

Abstract:

Based on land use in the residential quarter and housing survey data and using residential quarter as the basic spatial unit, this study examines spatial differences of residential quarter floor area ratio using GIS technology and the Theil index model. It first calculates the residential quarter floor area ratio in GIS, then divides residential quarter floor area ratio into 7 classes and generates a spatial distribution map and a contour map in GIS. It then uses the Theil index to calculate the spatial differentiation index of residential quarter floor area ratio, and analyzes the causes. The results indicate that: (1) Spatial distribution of floor area ratio classes in the study area presents an overall fragmented pattern. Residential quarters with the same floor area ratio are clustered in small areas, and similar classes are interspersed. (2) Spatial difference index of residential quarter floor area ratio in Dalian is low. Maximal spatial difference index values are found in residential quarters with extremely low and high floor area ratios. The maximum and minimum spatial difference index values occurred in the Zhongshan and Ganjingzi Districts. Differences within each of the four districts are far greater than the regional differences between these districts and this is a remarkable characteristic of spatial difference index values of residential quarter floor area ratio in Dalian. (3) The main causes of the spatial differences of residential quarter floor area ratio in Dalian is the location of residential quarters in the city and housing attributes that determined the types of the housing; constraints imposed on residential quarter construction by the topography of the city; direction from residential land use planning standard for the city, and the effect of land price.

Key words: floor area ratio, spatial difference, residential quarter, Theil index, Dalian

李雪铭, 朱健亮, 王勇. 居住小区容积率空间差异——以大连市为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2015, 34(6): 687-695.

Xueming LI, Jianliang ZHU, Yong WANG. Spatial differences of residential quarter floor area ratio: a case study of Dalian[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2015, 34(6): 687-695.

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容积率等级	容积率范围	可对应的住宅类型	居住小区个数
极低	容积率≤0.3	高档独栋别墅	17
低	0.3<容积率≤0.8	一般独栋、双拼、联排别墅	43
中低	0.8<容积率≤1.2	花园洋房、低层	198
中	1.2<容积率≤1.5	多层	225
中高	1.5<容积率≤2.0	多层、小高层混合	220
高	2.0<容积率≤3.0	小高层	108
极高	3.0<容积率≤6.0	高层	145

	区域间	区域内	整体
差异测度指数	0.072	0.172	0.244
贡献率	0.295	0.705	1.000

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