“第三极环境(TPE)”国际计划——应对区域未来环境生态重大挑战问题的国际计划①

doi:10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.07.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以青藏高原为核心的世界第三极地区,是全球最独特的地质—地理—资源—生态耦合系统之一,对中国、北半球乃至全球环境变化具有重要的影响。同时,第三极地区对全球环境变化及周边人类活动的影响亦有敏感响应,同南极和北极一样受到科技界的高度重视。2009年,“第三极环境(Third Pole Environment,TPE)”国际计划正式启动。该计划以“水—冰—气—生—人类活动”之间的相互作用为主题,旨在解决第三极地区过去环境变化的时空特征、冰圈与水圈相互作用及其灾害过程、生态系统对环境变化的影响和响应、人类活动对该地区环境变化的影响及该地区环境变化的适应对策等科学问题,以揭示第三极地区环境变化过程与机制及其对全球环境变化的影响和响应规律,从而为提高这一地区人类对自然的适应能力和实现人与自然和谐相处服务。该计划自启动以来,以TPE科学委员会及TPE项目办公室为依托,,有效执行各种实施方案,已经在第三极冰川变化、季风与西风相互作用、台站建设、数据共享及人才培养等方面取得了很大的进展。今后,将进一步扩展研究领域和研究地区,与未来地球计划(Future Earth)相对接,为第三极地区生态环境改善和社会经济发展作出更大贡献。

关键词: 第三极环境(TPE)计划, 青藏高原, 环境变化, 生态系统

Abstract:

The Third Pole region, centered on the Tibetan Plateau, is an important geographic unit and one of the most unique coupled geological-geographic-resource-ecological systems in the world, which exerts significant influences on the environmental changes of China, the northern atmosphere and globally. At the same time, the Third Pole region is very sensitive to the impact of global environmental change and human activities in the surrounding areas, therefore has attracted equally high attention of the scientific community as compared to the Arctic and Antarctica. In 2009, The Third Pole Environment (TPE) program was initiated with the support of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. TPE is focused on the interactions between water, ice, atmosphere, ecosystem, soil and human activities, with the aim to study the spatial and temporal characteristics of past environmental changes, interactions between cryosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and disaster processes, impact and responses of the ecosystem to environmental changes, impact of human activities on the environmental changes of the region, adaptation to the environmental changes in the region, and finally serve the societies in the region. Since the initiation of the program, with the strong support of the Science Committee and the program office, TPE has efficiently implemented scientific plans and made fruitful progresses in areas including research on the interactions between the Indian monsoon and westerlies, establishing observation platforms, data sharing and education. TPE is planning to further expand the scientific activities into broader fields of research and to the surrounding geographic regions, as well as contribute to the Future Earth international research initiative and future improvements of the environment in the region.

Key words: Third Pole Environment(TPE), Tibetan Plateau, environmental changes, ecosystem

中图分类号:

X144

姚檀栋. “第三极环境(TPE)”国际计划——应对区域未来环境生态重大挑战问题的国际计划^①[J]. 地理科学进展, 2014, 33(7): 884-892.

Tandong YAO. TPE international program:a program for coping with major future environmental challenges of The Third Pole region[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2014, 33(7): 884-892.

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