地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2014, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 835-840.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.06.012

• 气候与环境变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

长江中下游地区1620年的极端冷冬研究

闫军辉1,2, 刘浩龙1, 郑景云1, 郝志新1, 葛全胜1, 傅辉3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    3. 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院, 重庆 400047
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-01 修回日期:2014-05-01 出版日期:2014-06-25 发布日期:2014-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 葛全胜（1963- ），安徽安庆人，研究员，博导，主要从事全球变化方向研究。E-mail：geqs@igsnrr.ac.cn。
  • 作者简介:闫军辉（1983- ），河北定州人，博士，主要研究方向为历史气候变化。E-mail：yanjh.10b@igsnrr.ac.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院战略性先导科技专项项目（XDA05080100）；国家重大科学研究计划项目（2010CB950101）；科技基础性工作专项项目（2011FY120300）；国家自然科学基金项目（41271124）。

The extreme cold winter of 1620 in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

YAN Junhui1,2, LIU Haolong1, ZHENG Jingyun1, HAO Zhixin1, GE Quansheng1, FU Hui3   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. College of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China
  • Received:2014-04-01 Revised:2014-05-01 Online:2014-06-25 Published:2014-06-25

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2 | 3

摘要： 根据历史文献记载，分析了长江中下游地区1620 年冬季的积雪特征与寒冷程度；估算了1620 年长江中下游地区及9 个地点相对于1961-1990 年的冬季气温距平。结果表明：①1620 年长江中下游地区冬季积雪期在30~100 日之间，其中荆州积雪期最长，可能达百日之久；合肥、霍山、南京、巢湖等地积雪平均达70 日左右；安庆、武汉、常德、长沙、景德镇等地积雪40~60 日不等；苏南、上海等地积雪日数相对较少，也达30 日左右。②1620 年长江中下游地区极端寒冷，冬季的区域平均气温较现代（1961-1990 年）低约4.4℃；其中景德镇的冬季气温负距平最大，较现代平均低约5.7℃；其次为霍山、合肥、常德、武汉和上海，其冬季气温距平在-5~-4℃之间；长沙冬季气温负距平虽相对最小（低约3.6℃），但仍远低于器测时期的极端最低值。

关键词: 1620 年, 长江中下游地区, 冬季气温, 积雪日数, 极端冷冬

Abstract: Climate extremes have become a hot topic in the field of climate change research. In this study, the snow-cover days over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLRYR) in the winter of 1620 were extracted from Chinese historical documents and archives. Using these records, the winter temperature anomalies (with respect to the 1961-1990 mean) of 9 stations were estimated based on the relationship between winter temperature and snow-cover days during the period with available instrumental observations. The regional winter temperature anomaly over the MLRYR was also estimated through stepwise regression. The results show that: (1) The regional mean snow-cover days for the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were about 50 days, with high spatial variability. Snow-cover days ranged from 30 in Shanghai to 100 in Jingzhou, and the average snow-cover days were approximately 70 days in Hefei, Huoshan, Nanjing, Chaohu, among others in the region. Snow-cover days in Anqing, Wuhan, Changde, Changsha and Jingdezhen were 40 to 60, while the least snow-cover days of about 30 were found in Shanghai and southern Jiangsu Province. (2) It was extremely cold in the winter of 1620, and the regional mean winter temperature was estimated to be lower by approximately 4.4℃ than that in the period of 1961-1990. The maximum (coldest) winter temperature anomaly occurred in Jingdezhen, with winter temperature anomaly of about 5.7℃ lower than the reference period. The next were Huoshan, Hefei, Changde,Wuhan and Shanghai, with the winter temperature anomalies ranging between -5 and -4℃. Nanjing, Anqing and Changsha experienced smaller negative anomalies, ranging from -4 to -3℃. The minimum (warmest) winter temperature anomaly was detected in Changsha, but it was still much lower than the coldest record during the observational period.

Key words: extreme cold winter, snow-cover days, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, winter temperature, year 1620

中图分类号: 

  • P467