史前聚落地理研究综述

doi:10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.08.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 史前聚落地理伴随着现代考古学的发展和对史前时期自然和社会研究兴趣的增长而兴起。本文根据国内已有的文献,在概括史前聚落地理研究主要内容与特征的基础上,对史前聚落地理不同领域的研究现状及有关问题进行了评述,主要集中于史前聚落分布研究、聚落选址研究、聚落演化研究、区域环境与史前聚落关系研究、史前聚落与文化因素关系研究、史前聚落相互关系研究与技术方法等方面。史前聚落地理研究对环境考古学、地理学、聚落考古学以及相关学科的发展具有重要的促进作用,但是该项研究仍存在学科联系不紧密、单因素解释模式较为片面、学科体系不完善等问题。作为一项多学科交叉研究,史前聚落地理必须通过地理学、考古学、第四纪环境学等诸多相关学科的共同参与,并坚持以人地关系研究为主线,才能取得长足的进步与发展。

关键词: 聚落地理, 史前时期, 综述

Abstract: Prehistoric settlement geography is a research field whose research object is geographic phenomenon of prehistoric settlement. It grows with the development of modern archaeology and its increasing interests in prehistoric environment and society. Its goal is to explore spatio-temporal distribution pattern of prehistoric settlements and the mechanism behind it in order to understand the prehistoric human-land relationship. In this paper, main contents and characteristics of prehistoric settlement geography research were introduced first. Then, based on a great number of related papers, the current status of domestic research of prehistoric settlement geography was reviewed. Finally, remaining issues and future research directions were discussed. Domestic research of prehistoric settlement geography has mainly focused on the distribution of prehistoric settlements, settlement site selection, settlement evolution, the relationship between regional environment and the settlements, the relationship between the settlements and cultural factors, interrelations among the settlements, exploration of related technologies and methods, etc. A series of related researches have been carried out in different areas, which not only reflected the regional differences of prehistoric settlement patterns and formation mechanisms, but also promoted the development of environmental archaeology, geography, settlement archaeology and related technologies. The remaining issues of the research of prehistoric settlement geography are as follows: loose connections to other disciplines, biased interpretations by single-factored models, incomplete framework of theory and methodology, etc. And it is necessary to carry out high spatio-temporal resolution research in relatively small areas. As a multidisciplinary cross-over study, prehistoric settlement geography needs participations of geography, archaeology, Quaternary environment and other related disciplines, while keeping human-land relationship research as the main focus. Only in this way will it achieve great progress and development.

Key words: prehistoric periods, review, settlement geography

鲁鹏. 史前聚落地理研究综述[J]. 地理科学进展, 2013, 32(8): 1286-1295.

LU Peng. Review on prehistoric settlement geography research[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2013, 32(8): 1286-1295.

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