地理学区域研究与区域历史地理学的取向

doi:10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.08.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 地理学的区域研究传统由来已久,后形成了独立的分支学科——区域地理学,经历了古代地志的分区书写、区域差异的描述解释、空间关系的定量分析和社会过程的深度建构4 个阶段的发展过程。区域地理学演进中遭遇的计量革命与理论创新,实质上是对传统区域学派过分强调区域所导致的静止、孤立的研究僵局的打破与修正,是区域地理学不断总结和完善自身的发展之路。区域历史地理学的学科性质、研究范式与研究内容和方法深受区域地理学的影响和启发,并形成了连续的地理剖面复原研究、区域的景观文化生态研究、区位与结构—功能体系研究和分区分类分级的综合研究等多个分支。与西方相比,中国区域历史地理学的研究在研究内容和方法方面显得比较滞后,今后应加强对特定地方的社会、文化及经济空间的深度剖析,进一步深化人地关系理论及研究方法,不断拓展研究思维的深度和广度,争取有更多、更有影响力的区域历史地理研究成果问世。

关键词: 地理学, 区域历史地理学, 区域研究, 取向

Abstract: The history of regional study of geography, as a process of constant review and improvement, has four stages: writing of regional chronicles, description and interpretation of regional differences, quantitative analysis of spatial relationship, and thorough analysis of social process. In fact, the setbacks and revitalizations of modern regional geography study reflect the process in which this discipline benefits from the applications and geographic perspectives of the knowledge and theories of other schools with different philosophical bases and makes breakthroughs in the staggering and isolated research field of traditional regional geography. In the meantime, regional historical geography follows the footsteps of regional study of geography. Oriented toward the objects, paradigms and methodologies of regional geography, regional historical geography gradually has developed the research fields such as: continuous geographic horizontal cross-section reconstruction, regional cultural landscape ecology, location and structure-function system research, and comprehensive studies of regional division, categorization and classification. Since 1970s, regional historical geography has learned to pay more attention to the study of history and culture from regional geography and has gradually moved into the contemporary historical geography "conception" stage. In the past thirty years, the scholars of historical geography in China have made some achievements in the fields of regional historical geography through learning the methodologies and paradigms from their counterparts. However, both the theoretical construction and case study in China are still lagging behind the West. The development of regional historical geography in China can't do without the basic principles and methods of regional geography. We should be oriented to the enlightenment of new regional geography: from traditional research with static descriptions into a thorough analysis of social, cultural and economic aspects, and gradually form a regional system with the integrations of the theories of physical geography, landscape science, regional science, spatial economics, and praxiology. Adhering to the concepts of "people", "place", and "system", we should strengthen the research on the influences of social structure and process on economic development, pay attention to operation process and mechanism of regional systems, understand the interactions among the regions, and make in-depth analysis on characteristics of specific regions. We need to be good at not only explaining natural phenomena with natural reasons and the social phenomena with social reasons, but also explaining the social phenomena with natural reasons and natural phenomena with social reasons. It is important to strengthen the communication between historical geography and regional geography and closely follow the international academic trends and the latest academic achievements.

Key words: approach, geography, regional historical geography, words: regional study

熊梅. 地理学区域研究与区域历史地理学的取向[J]. 地理科学进展, 2013, 32(8): 1296-1304.

XIONG Mei. Regional study of geography and the approach of regional historical geography[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2013, 32(8): 1296-1304.

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