中国历史时期土地利用数据集的重建方法述评

doi:10.11820/dlkxjz.2012.12.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 重建长时间序列的历史时期土地利用数据对研究土地利用的时空变化及其产生的气候和生态效应至关重要。相关学者就定量重建中国历史土地利用信息进行了探索, 但重建结果通常是以行政区划为单位的统计性数据, 缺乏地理空间属性信息, 从而限制了其在气候和生态模型中的应用, 因此有必要探讨如何利用有限的历史资料来重建较高分辨率的具有空间属性信息的历史数据。本文针对诸如HYDE、SAGE等具有明确地理空间属性信息的历史土地利用数据集, 从方法的角度对中国历史土地利用空间化数据进行了综合评述, 以期寻求更加合理有效的方法重建具有空间属性的中国历史土地利用数据, 为未来更好地模拟土地利用变化的气候和生态效应提供数据支持。本文论述了不同资料在历史重建中的关系和作用;强调了人口数据在数量重建和空间分配中的双重作用及其局限性;重点分析了空间分配过程的假设条件和不同方法的历史重建对当代土地利用空间格局的依赖程度。本文认为, 需要加强林地空间化数据的重建以服务历史时期的陆地碳循环研究;在未来的研究中, 建议以典型年份控制的方法处理难以量化的社会经济因素对历史土地利用格局的影响;建议进行分区重建, 加强区域集成研究。

关键词: 空间分配, 空间化数据, 历史土地利用, 历史重建, 中国

Abstract: To facilitate the study of spatiotemporal dynamics of land-use and its impacts on climate and ecology, it is crucial to reconstruct the historical land-use in long time series. Some scholars have made efforts to reconstruct the quantitative information on China’s historical land-use, but the results were presented as statistical information in the administrative units without geographical distribution characteristics, which limits their applications in climatic and ecological models. Thus it is necessary to discuss the ways to reconstruct spatially-explicit historical land-use data. This paper presents a review, from a methodological point of view, on the historical land-use databases with spatial-explicit characteristics such as SAGE and HYDE, hoping to come up with better ways to reconstruct China’s spatial historical land-use data and to provide data-support for the simulations of land-use change and its impacts on regional climate and ecology. The authors expound the relationship between different materials and their roles in historical reconstruction; emphasize the dual functions of population data in quantitative reconstruction and spatial allocation as well as its limitations; analyze the hypothesis of spatial allocation methods and the degree of dependency of different methods on current land-use patterns. In final discussions, the authors argue that more attention needs to be paid to the historical reconstruction of forest for the sake of the study on historical terrestrial carbon cycle, recommend to use the method of‘typical year control’to deal with the impacts of unquantifiable socio-economic factors on historical land-use patterns, and propose to make separate reconstructions for different regions and put more focus on the integrated regional studies in the future.

Key words: China, historical land use, historical reconstruction, spatial allocation, spatially-explicit data

朱枫, 崔雪锋, 缪丽娟. 中国历史时期土地利用数据集的重建方法述评[J]. 地理科学进展, 2012, 31(12): 1563-1573.

ZHU Feng, CUI Xuefeng, MIAO Lijuan. China’s Spatially-explicit Historical Land-use Data and Its Reconstruction Methodology[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2012, 31(12): 1563-1573.

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