[1] Rodhe H. Acomparison of the contribution of various gases to the greenhouse effect.Science,1990, 248:1217~1219.
[2] Delgado J. A. and Mosier A. R. Mitigation alternatives to decrease nitrous oxides emissions and urea-nitrogen loss and their effect on methane flux.Environ.Qual.1999, 25(6):1105~1111.
[3] Leuenberger M.,Siegenthaler U. Ice age atmospheric concentration of nitrous oxide from an antarctic ice core. Nature, 1992,360:449~451.
[4] Anderson I. C., J. S. Levino. Relative rates of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide production by nitrifiers, denitrifiers and nitrate respirers. Applied Environ. Microbiol.,1986,51: 938~945.
[5] IPCC (Ed.), 2001b. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
[6] Bouwman A. F., Exchange of greenhouse gases between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. In: Bouwman A.F.(Ed.), Soils and the Greenhouse Effect. Wiley, New York, USA, 1990, 61~127.
[7] Bouwman A. F. Exchange of greenhouse gases between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere.In:Bouwman A. F. ed: Soilsand Greenhouse Effect,Wiley, New York,1990,61~127.
[8] Bouwman A F. In: Soil and Greenhouse Effect, Bouwman A. F.(eds.) John Wilep & Sons, Chichester,1990, 60~127.
[9] 王彩绒,田霄鸿,李生秀. 土壤中氧化亚氮的产生及减少排放量的措施. 土壤与环境,2001,10(2):143~148.
[10] Wolf I,R Rrssow. Different pathways of formation of N2O,N2 and NO in black earth soil,Soil Boil. Biochem.2000, 32:229~239.
[11] Firestone M K,Davidson E A. Microbiological basis of NO and NO2 production and consumption in soil. Exchange of trace gases between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere . Chichester, England, John Wiley and Sons, 1989.7~21.
[12] Williams E J, Hurchinson G L, Fehsenfeld F C NOx and N2O emissions from soil. Global Biogeochem Cycles,1992,6(4):351~388.
[13] 袁可能. 植物营养元素的土壤化学. 北京:科学出版社,1983.
[14] KFRNFY D R, NELSON D W. Nitrogen-inorganic forms. In: PAGE A L, ed. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part2. Madison: Am Soc Agron, 1982. 643~698.
[15] Bock E,koops H P, harms H. Cell biology of nitrifying bacteria. In: Prosser,JA(Ed),Nitrification [MSpecial publications of the Society for General Microbiology,1986,20:17~38.
[16] 王敬国. 植物营养的土壤化学. 北京:北京农业大学出版社,1995.
[17] 袁可能. 植物营养元素的土壤化学. 北京:科学出版社,1983.
[18] Dorland and Beauchamp. Denitrification and ammonification at low soil temperature.Soil Sci,1991,(71):293~303.
[19] 杜 睿,吕达仁,王庚辰,等. 温度对内蒙古典型草原土壤N2O排放的影响. 自然科学进展, 2003,13(1):64~68.
[20] 徐文彬,刘维屏,刘广深. 温度对旱田土壤N2O排放的影响研究. 土壤学报,2002,39(1):1~8.
[21] J M Bremner, S G Robbins,and A M Blackmer. Seasonal variability in emission of nitrous oxide from soil. Geophysical Research letters,1980,7(9):641~644.
[22] 郑循华,王明星,王跃思,等. 温度对农田N2O产生与排放的影响. 环境科学,1997b,18(5):1~5.
[23] Fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O from a temperate forest soil: the effects of leaves and humus layers. Tellus(1998),50B,243~252.
[24] 杜 睿,周宇光,王庚辰,等. 温度对温带古典型草地N2O排放过程的影响. 自然科学进展. 2003,13(9):939~945.
[25] 黄国宏,陈冠雄,韩 冰,等. 土壤含水量与N2O产生途径研究. 应用生态学报,1999,10(2):53~56.
[26] 王智平,曾江海,张玉铭. 农田土壤N2O排放的影响因素. 农业环境保护,1994,13(1):40~42.
[27] 颜晓元,施书莲,杜丽娟,等.养分状况对水田土壤N2O排放的影响.土壤学报,2000,37(4):482~488.
[28] Knowels R. Denitrification. Microbial. Rev,1982, 46:43~70.
[29] Y DONG, D SCHARFFE, Y C QI, et al. Nitrous oxide emission from cultivated soil in the north china plain.Tellus,2001,53B,1~9.
[30] Daum Dand Schenk M K.Influence of nutrient solution pH on N2O and N2 emission from a soilless culture system.Plant and soil,1998,203:279~287.
[31] 张秀君,徐 慧,陈冠雄. 影响森林土壤N2O排放和CH4吸收的主要因素. 环境科学,2002(23):8~12.
[32] Haynes R J. Mineral nitrogen in the plant soil system. New York: Academic Press, 1986, 127~165.
[33] Sirwan Yamulki, Roy M Harrison, K W T Goulding. et al. N2O,NO and NO2 fluxes from a grassland: Effect of soil pH. Soil biology and biochemistry,1997.29(8):1199~1208.
[34] Bishal K Sitaula, Lars R Bakken, Gunnar Abrahamsen. N-fertilization and soil acidification effects on N2O and CO2 emission from temperate pine forest soil. Soil biology and biochemistry 1995.27(11):1401~1408.
[35] 徐 华,邢光熹,蔡祖聪,等. 土壤质地对小麦河棉花田N2O排放的影响. 农业环境保护,2000,19(1):1~3.
[36] 李良谟 等. 土壤. 1991,23(1):24~27.
[37] Debbie K E,Mc Taggart I P, and Smith K A. Nitrous oxide emissions from intensive agricultural systems: Variations between crops and seasons,key driving variables,and mean emission factors.Journal of Geophysical Research,1999,104(D21): 26891~26899.
[38] 侯爱新,陈冠雄. 不同种类氮肥对土壤释放N2O的影响. 应用生态学报,1998,9(2):176~180.
[39] Y DONG, D SCHARFFE, Y C QI, et al. Nitrous oxide emission from cultivated soil in the north china plain.Tellus,2001,53B,1~9.
[40] Zheng X H,Wang M X,Wang Y S,et.al. Characters of greenhouse gas(CH4,N2O,NO)emission from croplands of southeast China.World Resource Review,1999,11(2):229~246.
[41] Xing G X, Zhu Z L. Preliminary studies on N2O emissions fluxes from upland soils and paddy soils in China .Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosysterns,1997,49:17~22.
[42] 曾江海,王智平,张玉铭,等. 小麦-玉米轮作期土壤排放N2O通量及总量估算. 环境科学,1995,16(1):32~35.
[43] 李 楠,陈冠雄. 植物释放N2O速率及施肥的影响. 应用生态学报,1993,4(3):295~298.
[44] 陈冠雄,商曙辉,于克伟,等. 植物释放N2O的研究. 应用生态学报,1990,1(1):94~96.
[45] 张秀君,徐 慧,陈冠雄. 影响森林土壤N2O排放和CH4吸收的主要因素. 环境科学,2002(23):8~12.
[46] 黄国宏,陈冠雄,吴 杰,等. 东北典型旱作农田N2O和 CH4排放通量研究. 应用生态学报,1995,6(4):383~386.
[47] 封 克,殷土学. 影响氧化亚氮形成与排放的土壤因素. 土壤学进展,1995,23(6):35~40.
[48] 黄 耀,蒋静艳,宗良纲,等. 种植密度和降水对冬小麦田N2O排放的影响. 环境科学,2001,22(6):20~23.
[49] 董云社,章 申,齐玉春,等. 内蒙古典型草地CO2,N2O,CH4通量的同时观测及其日变化. 科学通报,1999,45(3):318~322.
[50] 杜 睿,王庚辰,吕达仁,等. 内蒙古温带半干旱羊草草原温室气体N2O和CH4通量变化特征. 自然科学进展,2001,11(6):595~601.
[51] 胡玉琼,王跃思,纪宝明,等. 内蒙古草原温室气体排放日变化规律研究. 南京气象学院学报,2003,23(1):29~37.
[52] 廖仰南. 锡林河流域土壤微生物生物量及其季节动态的研究. 草原生态系统研究. 第一集,北京:环境科学出版社,1985.
[53] Manuela Rover, Otto Heinemeyer, Jean Charles Munch, et.al.Spatial heterogeneity within the plough layer:high variability of N2Oemission rates.Soil Biology & Biochemistry.1999(31):167~173.
[54] 王少彬,宋文质,苏维瀚,等. 冬小麦田氧化亚氮的排放. 农业环境保护,1994,13(5):210~212.
[55] 孙向阳,徐化成. 北京低山区两种人工林土壤中N2O排放通量的研究. 林业科学,2001,37(5):58~63.
[56] 肖冬梅,王 淼,姬兰柱,等. 长白山阔叶红松林土壤N2O排放通量的变化特征. 生态学杂志,2004,24(5):46~52.
[57] Hutchinson GL et al. Improved soil cover method for field measurement of nitrous oxide flux. Soil Sci Soc Am J,1981.
[58] Robbins SG et al. Spatial and diurnal variability in emission of nitrous oxide from soil. Agronomy Abstracts,1979,71:37.
[59] IFA.2001. Global estimates of gaseous emission of NH3, NO and N2O from agricultural land.Room.
[60] Frolking S E,Mosier A R, Ojima D S,et al. Comparison of N2O emissions from soils at three temperate agricultural sites: Simulations of yea-round measurements by four models. Nut Cycling in Agroecosystems,1998 ,52:77~105.
[61] Bouwman A F,Fung I,Matthews F,et al. Global analysis of the potential for N2O production in natural soilsGlobal Biogeochemical Cycles,1993,7(3) :557~597.
[62] LI C S, Frolking S, Frolking T A. A model of nitrous oxide evolution from soil driven by rainfall events: I . Model structure and sensitivity I.Ceophys.Res.,1992,97(D9):9759~9776.
[63] Li C S,Frolking S, Frolking T A. A model of nitrous oxide evolution from soil driven by rainfall events: II . Model application. I.Ceophys.Rec.,1992,97(D9):9777~9783.
[64] Li C S,Frolking S E, Harriss R C,et al. Modeling nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture: A Florida case study. Chemosphere,1994,28 (7):1401~1415.
[65] 宋文质,王少彬,曾江海,等. 华北地区旱田土壤氧化亚氮的排放. 环境科学进展,1997,5(4):49~55.
[66] Parton W J,Mosier D S,Ojima D W,et al. Generalized model for N2 and N2O production from nitrification and denitrification.Global Biogeochemical Cycles,1996,10:401~412.
|