地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 183-190.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2012.02.007

• 人口与社会文化地理 • 上一篇    下一篇

厦门常住人口社会分层实证分析与政策建议

肖黎姗1,2, 李新虎1,2, 张国钦1,2, 王润1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院城市环境与健康重点实验室中国科学院城市环境研究所, 厦门 361021;
    2. 厦门市城市代谢重点实验室, 厦门 361021
  • 收稿日期:2011-01-01 修回日期:2011-05-01 出版日期:2012-02-25 发布日期:2012-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 李新虎,男,副研究员,主要从事城市地理,空间分析与环境健康研究。E-mail: xhli@iue.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-450);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(40901243);福建省自然科学基金青年基金项目(2010J05100)。

Empirical Study of Population Social Differentiation and Policy Suggestions in Xiamen City

XIAO Lishan1,2, LI Xinhu1,2, ZHANG Guoqin1,2, WANG Run1,2   

  1. 1. Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, CAS, Xiamen 361021, China;
    2. Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Xiamen 361021, China
  • Received:2011-01-01 Revised:2011-05-01 Online:2012-02-25 Published:2012-02-25

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摘要： 外来人口是城市常住人口的重要组成部分,为社会经济的发展作出重要贡献。研究外来人口与本地人口的居住、就业特征和社会经济情况,探索常住人口内部分层现象及其成因,进一步分析人口政策,有助于消弭差异,实现社会融合,合理分配城市空间资源,促进不同社会阶层全面发展,构筑可持续的城市化进程。本文以厦门市为研究区,构建外来人口集中度指标,运用空间自相关和Logistic 模型,分析厦门市常住人口的居住分层特征。研究结果表明,外来人口在厦门市域范围内接近随机分布,具有经济导向性,并与第二产业规模显著相关。在城市核心区显示较强的空间聚集效应,与地价存在显著的空间相关性。Logistic 模型验证了本地居民与外来居民之间,在年龄,受教育程度,单位职务,房屋产权,居住面积和社会地位等方面都存在显著差异,尤其是以住房资源分化引起的居住分层最为严重,并影响了外来人口对自身社会地位的认同。这种分层会阻滞经济活力和可持续发展。为此,本文提出应以政策为导向,提高外来人口的居住效用,将外来人口的政策融入到城市的发展规划中。

关键词: Logistic模型, 常住人口, 社会分层, 厦门市, 住房资源

Abstract: Migrant population constitutes a large proportion of the urban population and makes important contributions to economic development. This paper explores the difference between the migrant and local populations in terms of residence, work, socioeconomic status and population policy. It aims to understand the causes of the difference and how this gap can be narrowed by improved social integration and proper distribution of spatial resources, with the ultimate goal of assisting sustainable development. We select Xiamen as a research area. The study revealed a randomly distributed migrant population which has appeared due to economic migration and is closely related to the secondary industry. In the city core area, the migrant population cluster shows a positive spatial autocorrelation and is related to standard land price. The logistic model validates the population differentiation by age, education, employment, housing ownership, residential area and social status. In particular, residential resources illustrate a considerable disparity between the migrant population and the local population, which hinders the self-identification of the migrant population. As this disparity tends to hamper economic vitality and the sustainable process, this paper contends that policy should pay more attention to the welfare of the migrant population, increase the housing utility and integrate the migration process into the general development planning.

Key words: housing resources, logistic model, permanent population, social differentiation, Xiamen