地理科学进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (7): 1172-1181.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.07.010
陈仁丽1,2(), 王宜强3, 刘柏静1,2, 宫萌1,2, 吴晓青1,4,*(
)
收稿日期:
2019-05-13
修回日期:
2019-07-27
出版日期:
2020-07-28
发布日期:
2020-09-28
通讯作者:
吴晓青
作者简介:
陈仁丽(1996— ),女,山东潍坊人,硕士生,研究方向为GIS与遥感应用。E-mail: 基金资助:
CHEN Renli1,2(), WANG Yiqiang3, LIU Baijing1,2, GONG Meng1,2, WU Xiaoqing1,4,*(
)
Received:
2019-05-13
Revised:
2019-07-27
Online:
2020-07-28
Published:
2020-09-28
Contact:
WU Xiaoqing
Supported by:
摘要:
基于2018年海上船舶自动识别系统(Automatic Identification System, AIS)数据,借助GIS空间分析方法,对渤海海上船舶位置及密度、船舶速度等空间分布特征以及船舶流量日、月和季节变化的时间特征进行分析,得到以下结论:① 渔业船舶多活动于近岸海域,呈团聚状分布;商业船舶多聚集在公共航道区,整体呈带状分布;货船数量占商业船舶总量的78.58%,主要为中型货船,客船与油轮以中小型船舶所占比重相对较大。② 渤海船舶速度以中低速为主,尤其是渔业船舶;较高速度的船舶主要是大中型货船和客船。③ 渔业船舶活动时间和季节变化特征显著,秋季休渔期结束后以及白天工作时间段渔船活动较频繁;与渔业船舶相比,渤海商业船舶活动受季节变化和昼夜交替影响较小。分析发现,渤海交通流密度高,船舶会遇频繁,发生船舶碰撞以及重大污染事故的风险较大;东西向和南北向的海上交通与渔业捕捞作业船舶之间存在较大的海域空间利用冲突,需要引起足够的重视。自然环境与资源条件、沿岸社会经济发展与港口建设、海域管制等因素影响海上船舶时空分布。
陈仁丽, 王宜强, 刘柏静, 宫萌, 吴晓青. 基于GIS和AIS的渤海海上船舶活动时空特征分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(7): 1172-1181.
CHEN Renli, WANG Yiqiang, LIU Baijing, GONG Meng, WU Xiaoqing. Spatio-temporal characteristics of ship activities in the Bohai Sea based on GIS and AIS[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 39(7): 1172-1181.
表3
渤海海上船舶数量季节变化统计"
船舶 类型 | 全年 | 春季(3—5月) | 夏季(6—8月) | 秋季(9—11月) | 冬季(12—2月) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
均值/ (艘次/h) | 均值/ (艘次/h) | 相对 变化/% | 均值/ (艘次/h) | 相对 变化/% | 均值/ (艘次/h) | 相对 变化% | 均值/ (艘次/h) | 相对 变化/% | |
渔船 | 3153 | 964 | -69.43 | 1626 | -48.43 | 8517 | 171.10 | 1399 | -55.62 |
货船 | 9980 | 9412 | -5.69 | 11471 | 14.94 | 10303 | 3.24 | 8742 | -12.40 |
客船 | 771 | 621 | -19.46 | 997 | 29.31 | 826 | 7.13 | 643 | -16.60 |
油轮 | 2005 | 1853 | -7.58 | 2307 | 15.06 | 1897 | -5.39 | 1972 | -1.65 |
全部船舶 | 15909 | 12851 | -19.22 | 16401 | 3.09 | 21543 | 35.41 | 12756 | -19.80 |
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