地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 866-879.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.05.014

• 研究综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国山区乡村聚落空间重构研究进展与展望

冯应斌1,2,3, 龙花楼2,3,4,*()   

  1. 1. 贵州财经大学公共管理学院,贵阳 550025
    2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101
    3. 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京 100101
    4. 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京 100190
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-08 修回日期:2019-09-29 出版日期:2020-05-28 发布日期:2020-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 龙花楼
  • 作者简介:冯应斌(1982— ),男,贵州思南人,博士后,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为城乡发展与土地利用。E-mail:fengyingbin@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41661041);国家自然科学基金项目(41731286);中国博士后科学基金项目(2016M590130);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础[2017]1019)

Progress and prospect of research on spatial reconstruction of rural settlements in mountainous areas of China

FENG Yingbin1,2,3, LONG Hualou2,3,4,*()   

  1. 1. College of Public Management, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China
    2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
    3. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
    4. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2019-07-08 Revised:2019-09-29 Online:2020-05-28 Published:2020-07-28
  • Contact: LONG Hualou
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(41661041);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41731286);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2016M590130);Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Province, Guizhou(黔科合基础[2017]1019)

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摘要：

中国山区面积大、经济社会发展水平低,促进山区可持续发展,是事关中国现代化进程的关键所在。山区乡村聚落作为山区人地关系地域系统的核心空间单元,是中国乡村地理学的研究重点和热点。论文基于文献回溯和归纳总结的方法,在对中国山区发展概况、乡村聚落空间分布影响因素、演变特征与驱动机制进行系统分析的基础上,明晰了山区乡村聚落空间重构概念内涵、重构思路和方法,总结了中国山区乡村聚落空间重构典型模式与调控策略;认为乡村聚落空间重构存在着主体多重、目标多元、模式多样等典型特征,是一个动态的、复杂的空间优化重组过程。新时代中国山区乡村聚落空间重构应加强以下5个方面的研究：① 山区乡村振兴背景下乡村聚落空间重构作用机理与模式;② 土地利用转型对山区乡村聚落空间重构作用机制;③ 农村宅基地制度改革对山区乡村聚落空间重构影响;④ 新兴业态发展与山区乡村聚落空间重构交互作用关系;⑤ 大数据时代山区乡村聚落空间重构研究方法革新。通过对山区乡村聚落空间重构时代背景、经济社会驱动因素与作用机理、研究方法等方面的实证分析,进一步丰富和完善山区乡村聚落空间重构理论,以期促进中国山区可持续发展和助推现代化实现进程。

关键词: 乡村聚落, 空间分布, 空间重构, 作用机理, 模式

Abstract:

China has large mountain areas with low level of economic and social development. Promoting the sustainable development of mountain areas is the key to the process of modernization in China. As the core spatial unit of the regional system of human-land relationship, rural settlements in mountainous areas are the research focus and hotspot of rural geography in China. Based on the method of literature backtracking and review, this article systematically analyzed the general situation of mountain development and the influencing factors, characteristics of change, and driving mechanisms of rural settlements spatial distribution, and clarified the conceptual connotation and strategies and methods of rural settlements spatial reconstruction. Also, the main models and optimization strategies of spatial reconstruction of rural settlements in mountainous areas of China were summarized. This study considered that the spatial reconstruction of rural settlements has many typical characteristics, such as multiple subjects, multiple objectives, and diverse models, which is a dynamic and complex spatial optimization and reorganization process. In the new era of development in China, research on the reconstruction of rural settlements in mountainous areas should focus on the following five aspects: 1) The mechanism and model of rural settlements spatial reconstruction under the background of rural revitalization in mountainous areas. 2) The mechanism of impact of land use transformation on the spatial reconstruction of rural settlements in mountainous areas. 3) The impact of rural housing land system reform on the spatial reconstruction of rural settlements in mountainous areas. 4) The interactive relationship between the development of emerging industries and the spatial reconstruction of rural settlements in mountainous areas. 5) The innovation of research methods on spatial reconstruction of rural settlements in mountainous areas in the era of big data. Through the empirical analysis of the background, economic and social driving factors, mechanism, and research methods of spatial reconstruction of rural settlementsin mountainous areas, this study enriches and improves the theory of spatial reconstruction of rural settlements in mountainous areas, with a view to promoting sustainable development in mountainous areas and promoting the process of modernization.

Key words: rural settlements, spatial distribution, spatial reconstruction, mechanism of impact, model