地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 924-931.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.06.009

• 遥感与GIS模型应用 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于空间点模式分析的城市管理事件空间分布及演化——以武汉市江汉区为例

佘冰, 朱欣焰, 呙维, 徐晓   

  1. 武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室, 武汉430079
  • 收稿日期:2012-12-01 修回日期:2013-04-01 出版日期:2013-06-25 发布日期:2013-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 呙维(1981-),男,湖北公安人,博士,讲师,主要从事地理信息服务研究。E-mail:guowei98032@gmail.com
  • 作者简介:佘冰(1987-),男,湖北黄石人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为空间数据挖掘与分析。E-mail:coolnanjizhou@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家863 计划项目(2011AA010502);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAH35B03);测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室专项科研经费资助项目;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(201161902020012)。

Spatial distribution and evolution of city management events based on the spatial point pattern analysis: A case study of Jianghan District, Wuhan City

SHE Bing, ZHU Xinyan, GUO Wei, XU Xiao   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
  • Received:2012-12-01 Revised:2013-04-01 Online:2013-06-25 Published:2013-06-25

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摘要： 城市网格化管理系统经过多年运行积累了大量历史事件数据, 这类事件数据在空间上呈现明显集聚分布。确定事件发生的空间分布以及衡量空间分布的集聚程度, 能够为城市管理资源的合理调配、划分提供重要的决策支持。本文应用空间点模式分析方法, 对2011 年1-8 月间武汉市江汉区城市网格化管理系统中的两类主体事件(占道经营和垃圾处理类)进行分析, 研究发现:占道经营事件的“热点”区域1-8 月总体呈减少趋势, 而垃圾处理事件的“热点”区域整体呈递增趋势;两类事件呈现明显的空间集聚, 其特征空间尺度都为1000 m左右。研究表明, 空间点模式分析方法能够为城市管理者提供一种针对城市事件空间集聚模式的直观的可视化分析手段, 以及对空间集聚程度的定量分析方法, 并可为进一步统计建模分析奠定基础。

关键词: 城市管理事件, 可视化分析, 空间点模式, 空间分布, 武汉市江汉区, 演化

Abstract: Large amounts of data of historical events have been accumulated for many years through the operations of the Urban Grid Management System. These events are spatially aggregated. By examining the spatial distribution of these events and measuring the corresponding aggregation levels, we can provide important support for making sound decisions on allocation and distribution of urban management resources. Spatial point pattern analysis studies the distribution patterns of geographical point entities or events, and has been widely used in various disciplines including criminal statistics, ecology and public health. In this paper, we investigated two major types of city management events in Jianghan District, Wuhan City, traffic-blocking stall and garbage disposal events, from January to August in 2011. The results show that: the number of hotspots with traffic-blocking stall events had a decreasing trend, while that of garbage disposal events had an increasing trend. Both types of events presented significant spatial aggregation with roughly the same spatial scale of 1000 m. The spatiotemporal aggregation index indicated strong spatiotemporal correlations for both types of events where the space difference is below 500 m and time difference below 3 hours. The research shows that: with the help of spatial point pattern analysis, we can provide city managers with efficient visual analytics tools to identify spatial aggregation patterns of the events, and a quantitative method to measure the degree of spatial aggregation, which also lays a foundation for further statistical modeling.

Key words: city management events, evolution, Jianghan District,Wuhan City, spatial distribution, spatial point pattern, visual analytics