地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 73-79.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2011.01.009

• 气候变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国气候变化敏感区降水量区域对比——以黑龙江、新疆和西藏三省区为例

郝成元1,2, 赵同谦1,2   

  1. 1. 河南理工大学矿山空间信息技术国家测绘局重点实验室, 焦作454000;
    2. 河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院, 焦作454000
  • 收稿日期:2010-01-01 修回日期:2010-07-01 出版日期:2011-01-25 发布日期:2011-01-25
  • 作者简介:郝成元，男，博士，副教授，中国地理学会会员，主要从事气候变化区域响应及自然地理综合研究。E-mail: haocy@hpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(41040012)；矿山空间信息技术国家重点实验室开放基金项目(KLM201013)；国家科技攻关计划项目(2006BAC01A01-04)。

Comparative Research on the Precipitation Variation in the Regions Susceptible to Global Climate Change in China——A case study in Heilongjiang, Xinjiang and Tibet

HAO Chengyuan1,2, ZHAO Tongqian1,2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory Mine Spatial Information TechnologiesHenan Polytechnic University, Henan Bureau of Surveying & Mapping, State Bureau of Surveying & Mapping, Jiaozuo 454000, China;
    2. College of Surveying & Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
  • Received:2010-01-01 Revised:2010-07-01 Online:2011-01-25 Published:2011-01-25

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摘要： 近40 年来全球气候变化研究已经是当今自然科学重大课题之一，中国的区域响应也日渐引人关注。依据黑龙江、新疆、西藏三省区93 个国家基准或基本气象站1961-2008 年间的日降水数据，就中国气候变化敏感区降水变化过程和波动特征进行了对比分析。①年降水量上，黑龙江微弱减少，新疆增多、西藏明显增多，特别是1995年以来其趋势更加显著，且后两者线性变化趋势均通过了α=0.01 的统计检验；②冬春两季，三省区的降水量都呈现增长态势，但春季以新疆最弱、黑龙江次之、西藏最强为序，而冬季则相反，而且其线性变化趋势基本都达到了α=0.05 的显著水平；③夏秋两季，三省区的降水量值分别为黑龙江微弱减少、新疆微弱增多、西藏增多，但线性变化趋势并不显著；④三省区气象站点降水线性变化趋势显著性对比上，黑龙江冬季61.5%的气象站、西藏春季64.7%的气象站、新疆年总量50%的气象站点通过α=0.05 的最低统计检验；⑤无论年降水总量还是不同季节降水量的年际波动量值均以新疆和黑龙江明显、西藏相对平稳为特征。

关键词: 降水变化特征, 敏感区, 区域响应, 全球气候变化

Abstract: The study on regional response to global climatic changes in China has arouse concerns while the research on global climatic change has been one of major issues in current natural science over the past 40 years. According to the daily precipitation data from 93 national meteorological stations from 1961 to 2008, the comparative studies were made on the variation process and the characteristics of both annual precipitation and seasonal precipitation among Heilongjiang, Xinjiang and Tibet. Firstly, the annual precipitation of Heilongjiang is decreasing gradually while that of Xinjiang and Tibet is increasing, especially after 1995. The increasing tendencies of Xinjiang and Tibet are very instinct. Secondly, the growth is different although the precipitation of the three provincial units all have increasing trends in winter and spring. Xinjiang has the largest growth, followed by Heilongjiang, and Tibet has the smallest increase in spring, and the largest increase in winter. But the changing tendencies are not instinct. Thirdly, the variation trends of the rainfall in summer and autumn are the same as the annual precipitation with slight decrease in Heilongjiang and slight increase in Xinjiang and Tibet. The increasing tendencies are very instinct. Fourthly, 61.5% of the meteorological stations in Heilongjiang show obvious changes in winter and 64.7% of the stations in Tibet have such changes in spring, while 20 of the stations in Xinjiang present instinct changing tendencies in annual precipitation. Fifthly, both annual and seasonal precipitations have obvious changes in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang and are relatively stable in Tibet.

Key words: global climate change, precipitation variation characteristics, regional response, sensitive areas