地理科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 975-986.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2010.08.011

• 旅游与文化地理 • 上一篇    下一篇

发生学视角下的大运河遗产廊道构成

俞孔坚,奚雪松   

  1. 北京大学景观设计学研究院,北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2010-01-01 修回日期:2010-05-01 出版日期:2010-08-25 发布日期:2010-08-25
  • 作者简介:俞孔坚 (1963-),男,教授,博导,北京大学景观设计学研究院院长,研究方向为城市规划、景观设计学与遗产保护。E-mail:KJ@turenscape.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家文物局全国文物保护科学研究课题 (20030103)。

The Definition of the Grand Canal Heritage Corridor Based on the Genesis Perspectives

YU Kongjian,XI Xuesong   

  1. Graduate School of Landscape Architecture, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Received:2010-01-01 Revised:2010-05-01 Online:2010-08-25 Published:2010-08-25

摘要:

遗产廊道是针对大尺度文化景观保护的一种区域化的遗产保护途径。遗产廊道构成的确定是中国大运河遗产廊道保护与管理的首要任务。本文基于发生学方法,通过历史模型的建构阐释了运河在各历史时期演变进程中构成要素的功能与相互关系,明确了大运河遗产廊道的构成及特征。大运河遗产廊道由自然系统、遗产系统与支持系统3大部分构成。作为大运河发生背景, 与大运河生态功能维护相关的湿地、林地、农田等区域环境要素构成廊道的自然系统;与大运河漕运功能相关的水利工程遗产,与大运河发生发展历史相关的物质与非物质文化遗产,以及与大运河无发生学关联,仅空间距离相关的其他非运河类物质与非物质文化遗产构成廊道的遗产系统;游憩道、解说系统、公共服务设施构成廊道的支持系统。三者为沿运地区可持续发展所不可或缺的基础性自然资产、文化资产和社会资产。整合构成集生态与遗产保护、休闲游憩、审美启智与教育为一体的大运河遗产廊道。

关键词: 大运河, 发生学, 构成, 遗产廊道

Abstract:

The heritage corridor approach is a regional methodology for heritage protection of large scale cultural landscapes. Combining the regional heritage protection strategy and the greenway approach, the heritage corridor approach places emphasis on the historical values, in conjunction with ecological and economical values. The Grand Canal is one of the most important cultural heritages in China dating back more than 2500 years to the late Spring and Autumn Period. The Grand Canal is the longest and oldest man-made canal in the world with a total length of over 1700 kilometers. Many heterogeneous components overlap forming an intricate system. Therefore, identifying the composition of the heritage corridor is the first step for the long-term protection and management of the natural and cultural elements of the Grand Canal.   In connection with the distinct space-time background, the genesis method focuses on dynamic modeling analyses of the constructing process. This approach is effective in illustrating the components and their interrelation to the complex system, so that we can identify the components which have close relations to the development of the Grand Canal. Genesis analysis visualizes the evolution of the Grand Canal Heritage Corridor and the function and interaction of its various components.   Based on genesis analysis, the Grand Canal Heritage Corridor is composed of three major systems: natural system, cultural heritage system and supporting system. The natural system includes regional landscape features such as wetlands, forests, and farmlands to constitute the physical settings of the corridor. The cultural heritage system includes traditional hydrological engineering services such as water courses, water sources, transportation and distribution utilities related to the corridor’s hydraulic functions. The cultural heritage system includes both tangible heritages such as ancient buildings, sites, canal settlements and intangible heritages such as folklore, poems and traditional performance art. The supporting system consists of trails, interpretive systems and public service facilities. These three systems are integrated to form the natural, cultural and social properties of the Grand Canal, and are indispensable for the sustainable development of the Grand Canal heritage area. The Grand Canal Heritage corridor is a living system that provides diverse services of production, regulation, life support, recreation, education and aesthetic appreciation.

Key words: composition, genesis method, heritage corridor, the grand canal