基于时序遥感影像的黄土滑坡形变与河流水位关系研究——以天水市清泉村滑坡为例

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.02.012

地理科学进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 353-363.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.02.012

基于时序遥感影像的黄土滑坡形变与河流水位关系研究——以天水市清泉村滑坡为例

贠宜含¹^,²(), 张明波¹, 伍宇明¹^,^*(), 姚佳明¹

1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室，北京 100101
2.中国科学院大学资源与环境学院，北京 100049

收稿日期:2022-02-25 修回日期:2022-09-09 出版日期:2023-02-28 发布日期:2023-02-24
通讯作者: * 伍宇明(1989— )，男，北京人，博士，副研究员，研究方向为地理信息系统技术与应用。E-mail: wuym@lreis.ac.cn
作者简介:贠宜含(1995— )，女，河南人，硕士生，主要从事地质灾害与地理信息科学研究。E-mail: phoebeyyh97@gmail.com
基金资助:
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)子课题(XDA23090503);资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室自主创新项目(KPI007)

Relationship between loess landslide deformation and river water level based on time series remote sensing images: A case study of the Qingquan Village landslide in Tianshui City

YUN Yihan¹^,²(), ZHANG Mingbo¹, WU Yuming¹^,^*(), YAO Jiaming¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
2. School of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2022-02-25 Revised:2022-09-09 Online:2023-02-28 Published:2023-02-24
Supported by:
Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Class A)(XDA23090503);Key Project of Innovation LREIS(KPI007)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

河流对岸坡的侵蚀作用是滑坡失稳的重要因素之一，特别是在中国黄土地区。因此，探讨河流水位的季节性变化对黄土边坡稳定性的影响规律，对早期黄土滑坡灾害预警具有重要作用。论文以甘肃省天水市清泉村滑坡为例，分析5年内沿岸边坡形变速率与季节性水位变化之间的关系。基于SBAS-InSAR技术获取滑坡时序形变信息，借助MNDWI与DEM获取边坡底部时序水位信息，并结合GPM降雨数据进行相关性分析，研究发现随着降雨增多、河流水位的上涨，清泉村滑坡的形变速率明显增大，在夏季时滑坡形变量增长较快，并且边坡形变相较于水位季节变化具有一定的滞后性；经相关性分析，得出水位与滑坡形变的相关性系数为0.46，降雨与滑坡形变的相关性系数为0.39，表明清泉村滑坡的形变速率与水位变化更相关。因此，河流的季节性变化对滑坡形变速率具有一定影响，进而造成河流对沿岸滑坡的侵蚀作用呈现出季节性变化。研究揭示的黄土滑坡与河流水位的季节性变化关系，对揭示河岸边坡的演化过程、滑坡识别与灾害防治具有重要意义。

关键词: 侵蚀型滑坡, 滑坡形变, 河流水位, 关联分析, 黄土滑坡

Abstract:

The erosion effect of rivers on the bank slopes is one of the important factors in the destabilization of loess landslides. Exploring the impact of seasonal changes of river water level on the stability of slopes is important for disaster early warning. The study utilized remote sensing techniques to examine the relationship between the rate of deformation of coastal slopes and seasonal changes in water levels over a five-year period, using the landslide in Qingquan Village, Tianshui City, Gansu Province as a case study. The time series deformation data of the landslide was obtained based on SBAS-InSAR technology, the time series water level data at the bottom of the slope was obtained using MNDWI and DEM, and the time series rainfall data of the study area was obtained through GPM. By comparing the river water level, time series rainfall, and landslide deformation rate curves, we found that as the rainfall increased and the river water level rose, the deformation rate of the Qingquan Village landslide increased significantly, and the landslide deformation rate increased the most during the summer season. In particular, the peak of the slope deformation rate has a certain lag compared to the peak of the water level. The coefficient of correlation between water level and landslide deformation was 0.46, and that between rainfall and landslide deformation was 0.39, indicating that the degree of response of the landslide in Qingquan Village to changes in water level was more pronounced. The seasonal change of river water level causes the seasonal change of river erosion on erosive landslides. The seasonal relationship between the deformation of loess landslides and the water levels of rivers is vital in understanding the evolution of riverbank slopes, recognizing landslides, and preventing disasters.

Key words: erosive landslide, landslide deformation, water level, correlation, loess landslide

贠宜含, 张明波, 伍宇明, 姚佳明. 基于时序遥感影像的黄土滑坡形变与河流水位关系研究——以天水市清泉村滑坡为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2023, 42(2): 353-363.

YUN Yihan, ZHANG Mingbo, WU Yuming, YAO Jiaming. Relationship between loess landslide deformation and river water level based on time series remote sensing images: A case study of the Qingquan Village landslide in Tianshui City[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2023, 42(2): 353-363.

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影像名称	影像信息	说明
Sentinel-1A	数据类型	IW SLC
	升降轨	Ascending
	极化方式	VV
	影像时间段	2015年4月—2020年9月
	影像数量	24景
Sentinel-2	空间分辨率	10 m(4个波段)、20 m(6个波段)、60 m(3个波段)
	宽幅	290 km
	视场	20.6°
	影像时间段	2015年6月—2020年9月
	影像数量	52景
ALOS PALSAR DEM	空间分辨率	12.5 m
GPM_3IMERGM	空间分辨率	0.1° × 0.1°

时间	哨兵2提取水位/m	实测水位/m
2018-04	1079	1075.43
2018-05	1079	1075.63
2018-06	1079	1075.60
2018-07	1080	1078.48
2018-08	1080	1076.10
2018-09	1079	1075.50
2018-10	1079	1075.23

指标	形变速率	时序降雨	季节水位
形变速率	1
时序降雨	0.39	1
季节水位	0.46	0.5	1

基于时序遥感影像的黄土滑坡形变与河流水位关系研究——以天水市清泉村滑坡为例

Relationship between loess landslide deformation and river water level based on time series remote sensing images: A case study of the Qingquan Village landslide in Tianshui City

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