青海官亭盆地史前灾难性地表过程及其影响研究

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.08.007

地理科学进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8): 1319-1332.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.08.007

青海官亭盆地史前灾难性地表过程及其影响研究

戎晓庆¹(), 庞奖励¹^,^*(), 黄春长¹, 周亚利¹, 王兆夺¹, 张玉柱², 郭永强³, 赵辉¹, 炊郁达¹

1. 陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,西安 710062
2. 西北大学城市与环境学院,西安 710127
3. 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都 610041

收稿日期:2019-06-13 修回日期:2019-09-26 出版日期:2020-08-28 发布日期:2020-10-28
通讯作者: 庞奖励
作者简介:戎晓庆(1993— ),女,山西忻州人,硕士生,主要从事全球变化与人地关系演变等研究。E-mail: xiaoqing_rong816@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41771110);国家自然科学基金项目(41971116);国家自然科学基金项目(41801060)

Prehistoric catastrophic surface processes and their impacts in the Guanting Basin, Qinghai Province

RONG Xiaoqing¹(), PANG Jiangli¹^,^*(), HUANG Chunchang¹, ZHOU Yali¹, WANG Zhaoduo¹, ZHANG Yuzhu², GUO Yongqiang³, ZHAO Hui¹, CHUI Yuda¹

1. School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
2. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
3. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS, Chengdu 610041, China

Received:2019-06-13 Revised:2019-09-26 Online:2020-08-28 Published:2020-10-28
Contact: PANG Jiangli
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771110);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41971116);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41801060)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过详细的野外考察,在官亭盆地喇家遗址东侧二方村遗址区域发现完整的土壤沉积物剖面。该剖面记录了全新世土壤土地资源的形成和发展演变,以及灾难性地表过程和人类活动的信息。在深入观察分析的基础上,系统采样并进行多种指标测试分析及年代测定。结果表明：其基本的土壤层序由上到下为：现代表土层(MS)—现代黄土(L₀)—全新世中期黑垆土(S₀)—全新世早期过渡性黄土(L_t)。该序列最显著的特征,是全新世中期黑垆土古土壤被厚达1.2~1.5 m的山洪泥流沉积层分隔为2段,表明在OSL年龄3940~3780 a,对应喇家遗址¹⁴C年龄3850~3600 a BP期间,官亭盆地北侧第三系红层丘陵沟壑区发生大规模暴雨山洪泥流过程。它们在古洪积扇前沿二级阶地溢出沟槽,扩散覆盖土地表面,形成了山洪泥流层组。而辛店文化早期(3600~3400 a BP)的透镜状灰烬层,则出现在该沉积层组的表面。这表明以农牧混合型土地利用为特色的早期辛店/卡约文化在该区域的形成发展,是以灾难性地表过程沉积的红色砂土和粘土地为基础的。这就与山洪泥流层组之下齐家文化(4150~3850 a BP)时期粟黍类谷物种植农业赖以形成发展的肥沃疏松的黑垆土类土壤形成对照。该研究结果揭示出该区域史前人类原始农业土地利用方式由谷物种植向农牧混合的转变,是在全球性气候恶化背景下,由灾难性地表过程造成的土壤和土地资源的退化所引起的。这对于深入了解青藏高原与黄土高原过渡带环境变化与土地利用方式发展演变的驱动因素具有重要的科学意义。

关键词: 史前文化, 黑垆土, 土地资源, 自然灾害, 官亭盆地

Abstract:

This study conducted field investigations in the Guanting Basin of the north shore of the Yellow River. A Holocene complete soil profile was identified over the Erfangcun Ruins, which is situated to the east side of the Lajia Ruins and has preserved multiple records of the information of aeolian loess and palaeosol and evolution of land resources, catastrophic surface processes, and human activities during the period of the Xindian culture. Sediment samples were taken from the profile systematically on the basis of field pedo-sedimentological observation. We established the basic pedo-stratigraphic sequence by using optically-stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating and physicochemical indices. The stratigraphic sequence of the Erfangcun profile from the top to the bottom is listed as modern soil (MS)-late Holocene aeolian loess (L₀)-Middle Holocene palaeosol (S₀)-early Holocene transitional aeolian (L_t). The most significant feature of this sequence is that the deposit of flashfloods and mudflows with a thickness of 1.2-1.5 m have split the Chernozem soil into two sublayers, which was the result of the catastrophic land surface processes and the climatic and environment changes. Optically-stimulated luminescence dating results suggest that enormous flashfloods and mudflows burst out during OSL age 3940-3780 a, equivalent to¹⁴C age 3850-3600a BP. They ran over the valley and deposited in the front of the paleo-alluvial-pluvial fans of the second terrace of the Yellow River. The deposit of the flows was covered by the ashes of the Xindian culture (3600-3400 a BP). The barren land formed by the flashfloods and mudflows caused the decline of agriculture and gave birth to stockbreeding. This soil layer is in sharp contrast to the fertile and loose soil during the period of the Qijia culture (4150-3850 a BP). Overall, the results of the study revealed that prehistoric human agricultural land use pattern in the area of the Lajia and Erfangcun Ruins in the Guanting Basin was changed by the degradation of soil caused by the catastrophic floods and climate change. It may have implications for further insights into prehistoric land use and the changes of environment in the transitional area of the Tibet Plateau and the Loess Plateau.

Key words: prehistoric culture, Ustic Luvisol, land resources, natural disaster, Guanting Basin

戎晓庆, 庞奖励, 黄春长, 周亚利, 王兆夺, 张玉柱, 郭永强, 赵辉, 炊郁达. 青海官亭盆地史前灾难性地表过程及其影响研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(8): 1319-1332.

RONG Xiaoqing, PANG Jiangli, HUANG Chunchang, ZHOU Yali, WANG Zhaoduo, ZHANG Yuzhu, GUO Yongqiang, ZHAO Hui, CHUI Yuda. Prehistoric catastrophic surface processes and their impacts in the Guanting Basin, Qinghai Province[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 39(8): 1319-1332.

图/表 8

图1

图2

表1

官亭盆地二方村遗址土壤剖面地层划分和描述"

地层	深度/cm	土壤学和沉积学特征描述
现代耕作土壤(MS)	0~50	浊棕色(7.5YR6/3),粉砂质地,团粒构造,疏松多孔,多蚯蚓孔和粪团,多植物根系
全新世晚期风成黄土(L₀)	50~100	浊橙色(7.5YR6/4),粗粉砂质地,团块构造,疏松多孔,少量蚯蚓孔和粪团,受到一定程度的成壤改造
全新世中期黑垆土上段(S_0上)	100~180	浊棕色(5YR5/3),粉砂质地,团粒构造,比较疏松,多蚯蚓孔和粪团,结构面有白色可溶盐类粉霜沉淀,为发育成熟度很高的黑垆土
灰烬层(ASL)	180~210	棕灰色(5YR6/1),透镜状分布,轻盈细腻,粉砂质地,团块构造,松散易碎,灰烬成分为主,多木炭屑,含有个别破碎陶片,属于辛店文化
山洪砂土沉积层(FFD₃)	210~240	橙色(2.5YR6/6),细砂质地,断断续续的透镜状层,局部含有细小砾石,向沟坡上方尖灭,追索其物源为盆地北侧第三系红层丘陵沟壑区
山洪泥流沉积层(RC)	240~325	上部橙色(2.5YR6/6),中下部亮红棕色(2.5YR5/6),粘土质地,棱块状构造,混杂有砂团和石子,显示出粘稠状态流动的内部构造,随微地形变化而波状起伏,厚度变化在40~200 cm之间,追索其物源为盆地北侧第三系红层丘陵沟壑区
山洪砂土层(FFD₂)	325~340	橙色(2.5YR6/6),细砂质地,断断续续的透镜状层,向沟坡上方尖灭,追索其物源为盆地北侧第三系红层丘陵沟壑区
全新世中期黑垆土下段(S_0下)	340~380	灰棕色(5YR6/2),粉砂质地,团粒构造,比较疏松,下部结构面和孔隙皆有白色可溶盐沉淀,为发育成熟度很高的黑垆土,为马家窑文化—齐家文化时期的耕作土壤
全新世早期风成黄土过渡层(L_t)	380~410	过渡层(L_t),淡红灰色(2.5YR7/2),粗粉砂质地,块状构造,比较疏松,下部山洪砂土成分增多
沟道山洪砂土层(FFD₁)	410~?	淡红灰色(2.5YR7/2),细砂质地,块状构造,比较疏松,来自于北部晚第三系红层丘陵沟壑区,山洪砂土性质显著,下部未见底

表1

表2

图3

图4

图5

图6

参考文献 46

[1]	谢端琚. 甘青地区史前考古 [M]. 北京: 文物出版社, 2002: 111-130.
	[ Xie Duanju. Prehistoric archaeology in Gansu and Qinghai Province. Beijing, China: Cultural Relics Press, 2002: 111-130. ]
[2]	杨晓燕, 夏正楷, 崔之久, 等. 青海官亭盆地考古遗存堆积形态的环境背景[J]. 地理学报, 2004,59(3):455-461. doi: 10.11821/xb200403016
	[ Yang Xiaoyan, Xia Zhengkai, Cui Zhijiu, et al. Environmental settings of archaeological sites depositional processes and distribution at Guanting Basin. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2004,59(3):455-461. ]
[3]	崔一付, 刘雨嘉, 马敏敏. 青藏高原东北部官亭盆地新石器—青铜时代聚落时空演变及其影响因素[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2018,48(2):152-164.
	[ Cui Yifu, Liu Yujia, Ma Minmin. Spatiotemporal evolution of prehistoric Neolithic-Bronze Age settlements and influencing factors in the Guanting Basin, Northeast Tibetan Plateau. Scientia Sinica Terrae, 2018,48(2):152-164. ]
[4]	Dong G H, Jia X, An C B, et al. Mid-Holocene climate change and its effect on prehistoric cultural evolution in eastern Qinghai Province, China[J]. Quaternary Research, 2012,77(1):23-30. doi: 10.1016/j.yqres.2011.10.004
[5]	刘峰贵, 侯光良, 张镱锂, 等. 中全新世气候突变对青海东北部史前文化的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2005,60(5):733-741. doi: 10.11821/xb200505004
	[ Liu Fenggui, Hou Guangliang, Zhang Yili, et al. The impact of abrupt climate change in Mid- Holocene on the prehistoric culture in Northeast Qinghai. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2005,60(5):733-741. ]
[6]	侯光良, 刘峰贵, 刘翠华, 等. 中全新世甘青地区古文化变迁的环境驱动[J]. 地理学报, 2009,64(1):53-58. doi: 10.11821/xb200901006
	[ Hou Guangliang, Liu Fenggui, Liu Cuihua, et al. Prehistorical cultural transition forced by environmental change in Mid-Holocene in Gansu-Qinghai region. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2009,64(1):53-58. ]
[7]	An C B, Feng Z D, Tang L Y. Environmental change and cultural response between 8000 and 4000 cal. yr BP in the western Loess Plateau, Northwest China[J]. Journal of Quaternary Science, 2004,19(6):529-535.
[8]	Jia X, Dong G H, Li H, et al. The development of agriculture and its impact on cultural expansion during the late Neolithic in the Western Loess Plateau, China[J]. The Holocene, 2013,23(1):85-92.
[9]	Chen F H, Dong G H, Zhang D J, et al. Agriculture facilitated permanent human occupation of the Tibetan Plateau after 3600 BP[J]. Science, 2015,347:248-250. pmid: 25593179
[10]	张东菊, 董广辉, 王辉, 等. 史前人类向青藏高原扩散的历史过程和可能驱动机制[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2016,46(8):1007-1023.
	[ Zhang Dongju, Dong Guanghui, Wang Hui, et al. History and possible mechanisms of prehistoric human migration to the Tibetan Plateau. Scientia Sinica Terrae, 2016,46(8):1007-1023. ]
[11]	张山佳, 董广辉. 青藏高原东北部青铜时代中晚期人类对不同海拔环境的适应策略探讨[J]. 第四纪研究, 2017,37(4):696-708.
	[ Zhang Shanjia, Dong Guanghui. Human adaptation strategies to different altitude environment during mid-late bronze age in northeast tibetan plateau. Quaternary Sciences, 2017,37(4):696-708. ]
[12]	张玉柱, 黄春长, 庞奖励, 等. 黄河上游官亭盆地喇家遗址地层光释光测年研究[J]. 地理学报, 2013,68(5):626-639.
	[ Zhang Yuzhu, Huang Chunchang, Pang Jiangli, et al. OSL dating of the sediment stratigraphy of the Lajia Ruins in the Guanting Basin in the Upper Yellow River Basin. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2013,68(5):626-639. ]
[13]	周强, 张玉柱. 青海喇家遗址史前灾难成因的探索与辨析[J]. 地理学报, 2015,70(11):1774-1787.
	[ Zhou Qiang, Zhang Yuzhu. Exploration and analysis of the reasons for pre-historical catastrophes in the Lajia Ruins, Qinghai Province. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015,70(11):1774-1787. ]
[14]	Zhao H, Huang C C, Zheng Z X, et al. New evidence for the catastrophic demise of a prehistoric settlement (the Lajia Ruins) in the Guanting Basin, upper Yellow River, NW China[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2017,146:134-141.
[15]	郑紫星, 黄春长, 赵辉, 等. 青海喇家遗址全新世中期土壤与泥流沉积物地球化学特征[J]. 山地学报, 2018,36(1):1-12.
	[ Zheng Zixing, Huang Chunchang, Zhao Hui, et al. Geochemical characteristics of the Mid-Holocene Palaeosol and Mudflow Deposits in the Lajia Ruins of Qinghai Province. Mountain Research, 2018,36(1):1-12. ]
[16]	黄春长, 郭永强, 张玉柱, 等. 青海官亭盆地喇家遗址全新世地层序列与史前灾难研究[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2019,49(2):434-455.
	[ Huang Chunchang, Guo Yongqiang, Zhang Yuzhu, et al. Holocene sedimentary stratigraphy and pre-historical catastrophes over the Lajia Ruins within the Guanting Basin in Qinghai Province of China. Scientia Sinica Terrae, 2019,49(2):434-455. ]
[17]	袁道阳, 张培震, 刘百篪, 等. 青藏高原东北缘晚第四纪活动构造的几何图像与构造转换[J]. 地质学报, 2004,78(2):270-278.
	[ Yuan Daoyang, Zhang Peizhen, Liu Baichi, et al. Geometrical imagery and tectonic transformation of late quaternary active tectonics in northeastern margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2004,78(2):270-278. ]
[18]	李智敏, 李延京, 田勤俭, 等. 拉脊山断裂古地震与喇家遗址灾变事件关系研究[J]. 地震研究, 2014,37(S1):109-115.
	[ Li Zhimin, Li Yanjing, Tian Qinjian, et al. Study on the relationship between paleoseismic on Laji Mountain fault and catastrophic event on Lajiashan site. Journal of Seismological Research, 2014,37(S1):109-115. ]
[19]	马晓萍, 路世贵. 2012年7月29-30日青海省海东地区强降水过程分析[J]. 北京农业, 2013(6):116-117.
	[ Ma Xiaoping, Lu Shigui. Heavy rainfall process in Haidong Region of Qinghai Province in July 29-30, 2012. Beijing Agriculture, 2013(6):116-117. ]
[20]	王志远. 青藏高原东北部一次强对流引发暴雨天气成因分析[J]. 青海气象, 2013(2):2-7.
	[ Wang Zhiyuan. Causes of Heavy Rain Caused by Strong Convection in the Northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Journal of Qinghai Meteorology, 2013(2):2-7. ]
[21]	朱艳欣, 桑燕芳. 青藏高原降水季节分配的空间变化特征[J]. 地理科学进展, 2018,37(11):1533-1544.
	[ Zhu Yanxin, Sang Yanfang. Spatial variability in the seasonal distribution of precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau. Progress in Geography, 2018,37(11):1533-1544. ]
[22]	朱燕, 侯光良, 兰措卓玛, 等. 基于GIS的青藏高原史前交通路线与分区分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2018,37(3):438-449.
	[ Zhu Yan, Hou Guangliang, Lan Cuozhuoma, et al. GIS-based analysis of traffic routes and regional division of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in prehistoric period. Progress in Geography, 2018,37(3):438-449. ]
[23]	Prescott John R, Hutton John T. Cosmic ray contributions to dose rates for luminescence and ESR dating: Large depths and long-term time variations[J]. Radiation Measurements, 1994,23(2-3):497-500.
[24]	Durcan J A, King G E, Duller G A T. DRAC: Dose rate and age calculator for trapped charge dating[J]. Quaternary Geochronology, 2015,28:54-61.
[25]	陈莹璐, 黄春长, 周亚利, 等. 青海官亭盆地二方村遗址全新世土壤沉积物地层序列与OSL测年研究[J]. 地质学报, 2019,93(11):2960-2974.
	[ Chen Yinglu, Huang Chunchang, Zhou Yali, et al. Holocene pedo-stratigraphic sequence and OSL chronology of the Erfangcun ruins in the Guanting basin of Qinghai Province. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2019,93(11):2960-2974. ]
[26]	Kukla G, Heller F, Ming L X, et al. Pleistocene climates in China dated by magnetic susceptibility[J]. Geology, 1988,16(9):811-814.
[27]	Ao H, Zhang P, Dekkers M J, et al. New magnetochronology of Late Miocene mammal fauna, NE Tibetan Plateau, China: Mammal migration and paleoenvironments[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2016,434:220-230.
[28]	An Z S, Kukla G, Porter S C, et al. Late quaternary dust flow on the Chinese Loess Plateau[J]. Catena, 1991,18(2):125-132.
[29]	Gallet S, Jahn Bor-ming, Torii M. Geochemical characterization of the Luochuan loess-paleosol sequence, China, and paleoclimatic implications[J]. Chemical Geology, 1996,133(1):67-88.
[30]	炊郁达, 黄春长, 庞奖励, 等. 青海喇家遗址土壤序列及史前山洪泥流灾难释光测年研究[J]. 地理学报, 2019,74(11):2371-2384.
	[ Chui Yuda, Huang Chunchang, Pang Jiangli, et al. OSL dating of the pedo-stratigraphic sequence and the prehistoric flash floods and mudflows over the Lajia Ruins of Qinghai Province. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019,74(11):2371-2384. ]
[31]	张玉柱, 黄春长, 庞奖励, 等. 青海民和官亭盆地喇家遗址古耕作土壤层微形态研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2015,52(5):1002-1013.
	[ Zhang Yuzhu, Huang Chunchang, Pang Jiangli, et al. Micromorphology of ancient plow layer of paleosol in the Lajia ruins in the Guanting Basin, Minhe Country, Qinghai Province. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2015,52(5):1002-1013. ]
[32]	殷志强, 秦小光, 赵无忌, 等. 黄河上游官亭盆地红粘土层成因机制再探讨[J]. 第四纪研究, 2013,33(5):995-1004.
	[ Yin Zhiqiang, Qin Xiaoguang, Zhao Wuji, et al. Reexploration on the formation mechanism of the red clay layer in the Guanting Basin of the upper reaches of Yellow River. Quaternary Sciences, 2013,33(5):995-1004. ]
[33]	张强, 朱诚, 姜逢清, 等. 重庆巫山张家湾遗址2000年来的环境考古[J]. 地理学报, 2001,56(3):353-362.
	[ Zhang Qiang, Zhu Cheng, Jiang Fengqing, et al. Environmental archaeological exploration in Zhangjiawan Site, Chongqing since 2 ka BP. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2001,56(3):353-362. ]
[34]	叶茂林. 青海民和喇家史前遗址的发掘[J]. 考古, 2002(7):3-5, 97.
	[ Ye Maolin. The excavation of the Lajia site in Minhe, Qinghai. Archaeology, 2002(7):3-5, 97. ]
[35]	安成邦, 冯兆东, 唐领余, 等. 甘肃中部4000年前环境变化与古文化变迁[J]. 地理学报, 2003,58(5):743-748.
	[ An Chengbang, Feng Zhaodong, Tang Lingyu, et al. Environmental changes and cultural transition at 4 cal. ka BP in central Gansu. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2003,58(5):743-748. ]
[36]	于孟洲, 王倩倩, 杜战伟. 喇家遗址齐家文化聚落的考古发现与思考[J]. 青海社会科学, 2017(3):199-204.
	[ Yu Mengzhou, Wang Qianqian, Du Zhanwei. Archaeological discoveries and thought on the Qijia cultural settlement in the Lajia ruins. Qinghai Social Sciences, 2017(3):199-204. ]
[37]	钱耀鹏. 关于喇家聚落的灾难遗迹与广场建筑[J]. 考古, 2007(5):57-68.
	[ Qian Yaopeng. About the disaster relics and square buildings of the Lajia settlement. Archaeology, 2007(5):57-68. ]
[38]	贾鑫. 青海省东北部地区新石器—青铜时代文化演化过程与植物遗存研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2012.
	[ Jia Xin. Cultural evolution process and plant remains during Neolithic-Bronze Age in northeast Qinghai Province. Lanzhou, China: Lanzhou University, 2012. ]
[39]	Staubwasser M, Sirocko F, Grootes P M, et al. Climate change at the 4.2 ka BP termination of the Indus valley civilization and Holocene south Asian monsoon variability[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2003,30(8):1425. doi: 10.1029/2002GL016822.
[40]	Davis M E, Thompson L G. An Andean ice-core record of a Middle Holocene mega-drought in North Africa and Asia[J]. Annals of Glaciology, 2006,43:34-41.
[41]	Marcott S A, Shakun J D, Clark P U, et al. A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11300 years[J]. Science, 2013,339:1198-1201. pmid: 23471405
[42]	姚檀栋, 施雅风, Thompson L G. 祁连山敦德冰芯记录的全新世气候变化 [M]// 施雅风, 孔昭宸. 中国全新世大暖期气候与环境. 北京: 海洋出版社, 1992: 206-210.
	[ Yao Tandong, Shi Yafeng, Thompson L G. Holocene climate change recorded by Dundebingxin in Qilian Mountain // Shi Yafeng, Kong Zhaochen. The climate and environment of the Holocene Megathermal in China. Beijing, China: China Ocean Press, 1992: 206-210. ]
[43]	刘兴起, 沈吉, 王苏民, 等. 16 ka 以来青海湖湖相自生碳酸盐沉积记录的古气候[J]. 高校地质学报, 2003,9(1):38-46.
	[ Liu Xingqi, Shen Ji, Wang Sumin, et al. A 16000-year paleoclimatic record derived from Authigenetic carbonate of lacustrine sediment in Qinghai Lake. Geological Journal of China Universities, 2003,9(1):38-46. ]
[44]	孙晓红, 赵艳, 李泉. 青藏高原东部若尔盖盆地全新世泥炭地发育和植被变化[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2017,47(9):1097-1109.
	[ Sun Xiaohong, Zhao Yan, Li Quan. Holocene peatland development and vegetation changes in the Zoige Basin, eastern Tibetan Plateau. Scientia Sinica Terrae, 2017,47(9):1097-1109. ]
[45]	何克洲. 青海民和县喇家遗址的辛店文化墓葬[J]. 考古, 2015(3):115-120.
	[ He Kezhou. Xindian culture burials at Lajia site in Minhe County, Qinghai. Archaeology, 2015(3):115-120. ]
[46]	任瑞波. 论喇家遗址“辛店文化”墓葬的文化归属[J]. 考古, 2017(5):114-120.
	[ Ren Ruibo. On the cultural affiliation of the burials of the "Xindian Culture" found at Lajia Site. Archaeology, 2017(5):114-120. ]

样品编号	深度/cm	U/(10^-3g·kg^-1)	Th/(10^-3g·kg^-1)	K/(g·kg^-1)	含水量/%	环境剂量率Dy/(Gy/ka)	等效剂量De/(Gy)	年代/a
EFC-01	45~50	2.49±0.10	9.54±0.29	18.7±0.6	20±3	2.72±0.09	0.51±0.13	180±50
EFC-02	95~100	2.28±0.09	9.80±0.29	18.9±0.6	18±3	2.74±0.09	1.41±0.20	500±70
EFC-03	175~180	2.28±0.09	9.98±0.30	18.2±0.6	12±3	2.90±0.08	9.74±0.85	3350±230
EFC-04	195~200	2.17±0.09	9.68±0.29	20.6±0.6	20±3	2.86±0.08	9.24±0.37	3390±160
EFC-05	210~215	1.94±0.08	8.64±0.27	16.6±0.5	12±3	2.60±0.07	9.82±0.34	3780±170
EFC-06	340~345	3.06±0.12	9.60±0.29	18.9±0.6	10±3	3.13±0.09	12.33±0.52	3940±200

青海官亭盆地史前灾难性地表过程及其影响研究

Prehistoric catastrophic surface processes and their impacts in the Guanting Basin, Qinghai Province

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 8

参考文献 46

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	徐小任, 王梁, 徐勇, 段健. 基于“三类”空间的后备可利用土地资源评价研究——以山西省介休市为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2021, 40(2): 272-282.
[2]	邬柯杰, 吴吉东, 叶梦琪. 社交媒体数据在自然灾害应急管理中的应用研究综述[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(8): 1412-1422.
[3]	周侃, 樊杰, 徐勇. 面向重建规划的灾后资源环境承载能力应急评价范式[J]. 地理科学进展, 2017, 36(3): 286-295.
[4]	贾克敬, 张辉, 徐小黎, 祁帆. 面向空间开发利用的土地资源承载力评价技术[J]. 地理科学进展, 2017, 36(3): 335-341.
[5]	尹卫霞, 余瀚, 崔淑娟, 王静爱. 暴雨洪水灾害人口损失评估方法研究进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2016, 35(2): 148-158.
[6]	赵明月, 王仰麟, 胡智超, 宋治清. 面向空心村综合整治的农村土地资源配置探析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2016, 35(10): 1237-1248.
[7]	汪权方, 晏群, 徐慧, 王新生, 张景雄, 李兆华, 陈志杰. 基于灰色关联度的AHP权重矩阵构建方法改进及在农地评价中的应用[J]. 地理科学进展, 2016, 35(10): 1249-1257.
[8]	刘春腊, 刘卫东, 陆大道, 唐志鹏. 基于投入产出方法的中国省域产业生态补偿研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2016, 35(1): 67-77.
[9]	史培军, 袁艺. 重特大自然灾害综合评估[J]. 地理科学进展, 2014, 33(9): 1145-1151.
[10]	刘希林, 尚志海. 自然灾害风险主要分析方法及其适用性述评[J]. 地理科学进展, 2014, 33(11): 1486-1497.
[11]	尹衍雨, 王静爱, 雷永登, 易湘生. 适应自然灾害的研究方法进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2012, 31(7): 953-962.
[12]	樊杰, 刘卫东, 金凤君, 刘彦随, 张文忠, 刘慧, 王成金, 王岱. 中国重大科技计划中人文—经济地理学研究进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2011, 30(12): 1548-1554.
[13]	温家洪,Jianping Yan,尹占娥,孟庆洁,叶欣梁. 中国地震灾害风险管理[J]. 地理科学进展, 2010, 29(7): 771-777.
[14]	赵军,刘高焕,傅新. 基于生态功能区划的黄河三角洲土地资源优化配置[J]. 地理科学进展, 2010, 29(4): 489-484.
[15]	吴吉东1,2\|李宁1,3\|胡爱军1,2\|崔维佳1,2\|张鹏1,2\|温玉婷1,2. 自然灾害的影响及间接经济损失评估方法[J]. 地理科学进展, 2009, 28(6): 877-885.